Recent RHIC and LHC results and their implications

Recent RHIC and LHC results and their implications for heavy ion physics in the 2020’s MIT, Oct 28 -29, 2016 What can recent and future jet results teach us about the nature of QGP? Xin-Nian Wang CCNU/LBNL 1

Properties of QGP @ different scales Long range plan for Nuclear Science 2015 … to explore the properties and Phases of quark and gluon matter In the high temperatures of the early universe and. . . 2

What properties of QGP jets probe • Space-time profile: • EOS: • Bulk transport: • EM response: • Jet transport: • … 3

Factorization and evolution of qhat • NLO twist-four in DIS and DY • Cancellation of infrared divergence • Factorization of the collinear divergence PRL 112, 102001(2014) ar. Xiv: 1605. 07175 (PRC) Structure of the medium at different scales 4

Jet transport coefficient JET Collaboration: Phys. Rev. C 90 (2014) , 014909 RHIC LHC

T-dependence of jet transport coefficient ? JET Collaboration: Phys. Rev. C 90 (2014) no. 1, 014909

T-dependence of jet transport coefficient ? JET Collaboration: Phys. Rev. C 90 (2014) 014909 Scan over the initial T at RHIC and LHC higher energies Explore energy (scale) dependence

Constraints on qhat from current and future jet measurements • • • Single inclusive jet suppression Dijet and gamma asymmetry Jet profile and fragmentation functions Jet induced medium excitation Flavor dependence of jet quenching (qhat) 8

Linear Boltzmann Transport (LBT) • Elastic and radiative processes • Include medium recoil • Use 3+1 D e-by-e hydro LBT simulations XNW & Zhu, PRL 111 (2013), 062301 He, Luo, XNW & Zhu, PRC 91 (2015) 054908; Cao, Luo, Qin & XNW, PRC 94 (2016) 014909 gamma-jet CMS Single jet preliminary 9

Coupled Linear Boltzmann Jet Transport Hydro Jet quenching + medium excitation 10

p. T broadening and jet energy loss (from center of central Pb+Pb) 11

p. T broadening and jet energy loss Doga Gulhan (HP 2016) 12

p. T broadening and jet energy loss preliminary 13

Gamma-jet asymmetry 030% Preliminary 0 -30% 14

jet transverse profile Fragmentation function Jet profile and fragmentation func. • Jet profile with fixed energy is more sensitive to pt broadening than energy loss • Jet fragmentation function with fixed energy is sensitive to soft radiation and jet induced medium excitation – Parton hadronization (recombination) in medium – Jet-induced medium excitation 15

Energy flow in gamma-jet events Preliminary 2. 76 Te. V PP 2. 76 Te. V Pb. Pb 0 -30% 16

Gamma-hadron correlation Preliminary STAR 17

Effects of jet-induced medium excitations Enhancement of soft hadrons at fixed pt Preliminary 18

Dihadron correlation @LHC near-side away side Xinye Peng (HP 2016) 19

Gamma-hadron angular correlation Preliminary Sensitivity to shear viscosity? UE subtraction? 20

Flavor of jet quenching Preliminary 21

Flavor of jet quenching Preliminary 22

Flavor of jet quenching Preliminary 23

Quasi-particles seen by heavy quarks Mass effect: dead-cone in gluon radiation (Dokshitzer & Kharzeev (2001) B Smaller radiative energy loss (Should be similar to light quarks p. T>> M) D Detailed study of Interplay between elastic and radiative energy loss Properties of quasi-particles in QGP (close to Tc and at highest T ) 24

Summary • Jet measurements at RHIC and LHC provides a wealth of constraints on jet transport coefficients • Jet-induced medium excitation: constraints on bulk transport properties • Flavor dependence of jet quenching could probe structure of medium: (q, g, c, b) 25

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Backups 27

Parton propagation in medium . . p k Transverse momentum broadening:

Linear Boltzmann jet transport Induced radiation Li, Liu, Ma, XNW and Zhu, PRL 106 （2010） 012301 XNW and Zhu, PRL 111 (2013) 062301

Medium mod. of frag function Seen in CMS & ATLAS single jets XNW and Zhu, PRL 111(2013)062301 XNW, Huang & Sarcevic (1996) Energy of reconstructed jet dominated by leading particle Suppression of fragmentation functions relative to initial energy 30

Factorization at twist-4 § Transverse momentum square weighted cross section T-4 LO T-4 NLO Finite contribution from asymmetric-cut diagrams 31

§ Evolution equation for T 4 - NEW soft-soft When hard-hard & soft-hard & hard-soft , there is no phase space for the gluon radiation from the initial gluon. 32

p. T broadening and jet transport Cold nuclear matter in DIS: Consistent with value from jet quenching in DIS: Deng & XNW, PRC 83(2010)024902; Chang, Deng & XNW, PRC 89(2014) 034911 DIS: HERMES