Reasoning and Critical Thinking How to Think like

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! By Madonna Barr, Energetic Life Consultant

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! WHO AM I? Madonna Barr, Energetic Life Consultant

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! WHO else AM I?

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person!

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! GREAT LEADERS THINK STRATEGICALLY üThey look into the future to see where the company needs to go and what it will look like. üthey operate from a broad, long-term perspective üUnderstand the current state of play as well as possibilities üstrike a balance between visualizing what might or could be and an effective day-today approach to implementation üthey can gather information and make decisions in a timely manner. üAnd they can do this while making sure the right things get done on a daily basis.

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! LEADERSHIP REQUIRES 5 DIFFERENT TYPES OF THINKING Intuitive Critical Thinking Innovative Thinking Implementation Thinking Conceptual Thinking

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! BRIEF HISTORY LESSON 500 BC Socraties founded the intellectual roots of critical thinking. C 16 th - C 18 th Hobbes & Locke; Robert Doyle and Sir Isaac Newton Abandon egocentric world views. Middle Ages Thomas Aquinas - power of reasoning - systematic crossexamining. Renaissance Colet, Erasmus with Moore + Bacon in UK. religion, art, society, human nature, law, and freedom. C 19 th C 20 th Comte and Spence, Karl Marx, Darwin, Sigmund Freud Extended to include human social life. William Sumner, John Dewey, Ludwig Wittgenstein; Jean Paiget Abandoned sociocentric views.

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! (Edward M. Glaser, An Experiment in the Development of Critical Thinking, Teacher’s College, Columbia University, 1941) Defines critical thinking as follows “The ability to think critically, as conceived in this seminal study, involves three things: (1) an attitude to consider, in a thoughtful way, the problems and subjects that come within the range of one's experiences, (2) knowledge of the methods of logical inquiry and reasoning, and (3) some skill in applying those methods.

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person!

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 6 CORE BEHAVIOURS IN CRITICAL THINKING 1. REMEMBER Retrieve relevant knowledge from long term memory Can you recall? Where is…. ? Who is…? Can you list four…? How would you describe…? Which of these is True…? False…? Showing Naming Listing Restating Finding Relating Choosing Matching

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 6 CORE BEHAVIOURS IN CRITICAL THINKING 2. ANALYSE Separate a whole into parts and determine their relationships Why do you think…? What is the relationship…. ? Can you compare…? Contrast…? What idea is relevant to…? How would you categorize…? What can you infer…? Clarifying Investigating Dissecting Dividing Experimenting Discovering Simplifying Determining Researching

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 6 CORE BEHAVIOURS IN CRITICAL THINKING 3. UNDERSTAND Construct meaning from instructional messages What is the main idea of…? Can you find an example of…. ? How would you summarise…? What might happen next…? How do you explain…? What ideas or facts show…? Organising Discussing Interpreting Paraphrasing Extending Outlining Reviewing Inferring Showing

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 6 CORE BEHAVIOURS IN CRITICAL THINKING 4. EVALUATE Make judgments based on criteria and standards Which is more important…? Is there a better solution to…. ? Can you defend…? What are the pros of…? cons…? Why is…. . of value? How would you feel if…? Validating Justifying Critiquing Assessing Prioritising Rating Selecting Deducting Monitoring

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 6 CORE BEHAVIOURS IN CRITICAL THINKING 5. APPLY Carry out or use a procedure in a given situation What would happen if…? How could you clarify…. ? Who do you think…? Which approach would you…? How would you use…? What is a situation like…? Practicing Choosing Interviewing Implementing Operating Developing Planning Solving Genericising

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 6 CORE BEHAVIOURS IN CRITICAL THINKING 6. CREATE Combine elements or ideas to form a new whole What is an alternative to…? Could you invent…. ? Can you compose a…? What is your theory about…? How can you imagine…? What could you design to…? Building Combining Formulating Constructing Devising Improving Changing Adapting Producing

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person!

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! 5 POWERFUL BARRIERS TO CRITICAL THINKING Egocentrism Sociocentrism Unwarranted Wishful Thinking Relativistic Self-Centered Thinking > self-interested thinking > self-serving bias Group-Centered Thinking > group bias > conformism Beliefs that are presumed to be true without adequate evidence or justification > assumptions > Stereotyping Believing that something is true because one wishes it to be true. > the truth is “just a matter of opinion” Believing everything is relevant > subjectiveness > cultural relativism

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! A CRITICAL THINKER WILL… üAsk pertinent questions üAssess statements and arguments üHas a sense of curiosity üIs interested in finding new solutions üIs able to admit a lack of understanding or knowledge/information üIs able to clearly define a set of criteria for analysing ideas üExamines beliefs, assumptions, and opinions and weighs them against facts üListens carefully to others and is able to give feedback üSuspends judgment until all facts have been gathered and considered üLooks for evidence to support assumption and beliefs üIs able to adjust opinions when new facts are found üExamines problems closely üIs able to reject information that is incorrect or irrelevant

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! Case Study “Me preparing to speak today”

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! Case Study 1. REMEMBER 2. ANALYSE 3. UNDERSTAND 4. EVALUATE 5. APPLY 6. CREATE

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! SO IN SUMMARY… üBuild your knowledge base around critical thinking üAvoid getting bogged down in the minutia of information üUse your knowledge wisely, as and where needed üCome clean when you don’t know something üDemonstrate insights as a business partner with your Executive üInvest in upskilling, education and training as often as you can!

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! ALBERT’s THOUGHTS…

Reasoning and Critical Thinking: How to Think like a Business Person! Thank you! Madonna Barr, Energetic Life Consultant