Read Magna Carta 1215 Gives English Nobles protection

Read Magna Carta – 1215 Gives English Nobles protection from the King Tax w/approval due process of law Parliament (DVD clip)

Read Juries and Common Law Juries – 12 Men ask questions of the accused How are today’s Juries different?

Read Parliament Overthrows King Charles I – Feud with Parliament, ends it English Civil War Royalists (King) vs Charles Loses Anti-Royalists (Parliament) and is Killed

Read Establishment + Restoration Oliver Cromwell – Anti Royalist turned Dictator Charles II becomes King Habeas Corpus (Right to see Judge before being locked up) Do we have Habeas Corpus?

Read “Glorious Revolution” King James II (Catholic) Most English Protestant Daughter Mary Protestant married William of Orange (Netherlands) William and Mary invade, James II leaves Constitutional Monarchy Established – King Restricted by laws and Parliament

Read English Bill of Rights of English Established Free Speech Power of Parliament, Limits on King Rights of Accused Do we have a Bill of Rights?

Read “The Enlightenment in Europe” Start on Page 171 Thomas Hobbes (1651) Government = Order No Order = Poor nasty short life King needed to maintain order

John Locke (1690) Believed in self-government Against Kings Natural Rights = Life Liberty + Property Government’s purpose to protect Natural Rights

Montesquieu (1748) Separation of Power Checks and Balances Keep the power away from just one group or individual

Rousseau Civilization is corrupt People were more free before civilization Direct Democracy No Kings

Mary Wollstonecraft Equality for Women More education = Better mothers Wanted Female Political Involvement

Thomas Jefferson (1776) “All Men are Created Equal” Life Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness Rulers are chosen by vote

Explain Essay #1 One issue 3 Philosophers

Issues War in Iraq Mexican Immigration Abortion Gay Marriage Illegal Music Downloads Death Penalty Others

Highlights of the American Revolution

The Stamp Act (1765) Tax on Newspapers, Cards, Wills and other documents “Taxation without Representation”

Boston Massacre Organization of States Revolutionary War

Pamphlet – Common Sense by Thomas Paine Independence from the Royal Brute

July 4, 1776 “Declaration of Independence” Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness – Locke Written by Jefferson All Men Created Equal?

The French Revolution

Assign students to groups 3 rd Estate Clergy Nobles

The Nobles (Half-Million) Tax Breaks Social Privilege Support from the King

The Clergy (130, 000) Leaders of the Church

The Third Estate (26, 000) Businessmen College Prof. Lawyers Wealthy Peasants Poorest-Beggars(1 in 10)

Me King Louis XVI (25 in 1789) Mary Antoinette – Disliked for Interfering

Situation in France Prices rise 60% Salaries rise 25%

1789 Poor Harvest Farmers complain to the King “Hot weather”

Groups Discuss the Economy

King tries to solve the distrust Hires Jaques Necker to organize the France

Necker Ends “Surfdom” No more torture in court Improves Hospitals and Prisons Borrowed money to do this Things seem better

Estates General Meeting to discuss and vote rd 3 How would Estate want to vote ? By group or by number of people ?

Class meets to discuss issues: Food distribution Voting procedures New Taxes (note to King – Look a notes for this discussion on what to do)

3 rd Estate Signs “Tennis Court Oath” June 20, 1789 Agree to unite until France has a constitution What nation had recently written a constitution ?

Hunger grows worse (Necker fired)

rd 3 Leaders of the Estate Storm the Bastille July 14 th, 1789 (Holiday) Play Marseille DVD

King asks “Is this a rebellion ? ” His aide answers “No this is a revolution”

Average Parisian (1789) High Prices Information from Pamphlets Internal Anger Injustice + No Voice Spirit of 76 rd Rich 3 Estate upset since some richer than Nobles

Next : The Guillotine Video Will show you what happens next in France during the Revolution

Review Guillotine Video Questions

Question Should the death penalty be allowed today in the United States?

Project #2 Short Story concerning “The Reign of Terror” Or Comic Strip (at least 9 squares) Or Video

The French Republic (1789 -1795) Gave King Some Power at first Austria and Prussia attack France to stop spread of ideas

King and Queen Executed (see Guillotine Video) More countries against France Worried same thing will happen

“The Reign of Terror” Lasts until 1794 Guillotine Robespierre Head of Government in 1794, Loses head Hint of Guilt = Death by Guillotine

The Directory (1795) Concentrated on problems of real people (hunger) and war (Napoleon head of Army)

Napoleonic Era begins 1799 France needed strong leader Napoleon takes government Fights other countries in Europe

The Consulate (1799 -1802) st Napoleon 1 Consul National Taxes Improved economy, education, law, transportation

New Laws under Napoleon Equal Rights Trial by Jury Freedom of Religion (Not speech)

Napoleon develops into Emperor

Napoleon crowned by the Pope

Army loyal to Napoleon Conquers Italy, Germany and Spain by 1812 Controls most of Europe by 1812

Decides to attack Russia “Scorched Earth Policy” Snow Freezes French 500, 000 of 600, 000 die

Napoleon Exiled Escapes Re-forms army Final Defeat at Waterloo dies in Prison (1821)

Note : Napoleon discovered Rosetta Stone while in Europe

Read 213 -217

Congress of Vienna (1814) Leaders of Austria, Russia, Prussia, UK, and France meet “Balance of Power”

3 Groups Emerge Liberals : Want many ideas of French Revolution (No King) Nationalists : Divide land by laqnguage Socialists : State owns all property not individuals