REACTANTS ZN I 2 CHEMICAL REACTIONS PRODUCT ZN

A process in which at least one new substance is produced as a result

SYMBOLS USED IN EQUATIONS Solid ___ Liquid (l) Gas ___ Aqueous solution (aq) H

SEVEN DIATOMIC ELEMENTS H 2, O 2, N 2, F 2, BR 2, I

FOUR TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS • • Synthesis reactions occur when two substances (generally

SYNTHESIS REACTIONS • Here is another example of a synthesis reaction

PRACTICE • • Predict the products. Write and balance the following synthesis reaction equations.

Practice Synthesis ANSWERS 1. Na. Cl 2 2. Mg. F 2 3. Al. F

DECOMPOSITION REACTIONS • • • Decomposition reactions occur when a compound breaks up into

DECOMPOSITION REACTION Another view of a decomposition reaction

PRACTICE • • • Predict the products. Then, write and balance the following decomposition

Practice Decomposition Answers 1. Pb. O 2 Pb +O 2. Al. N -> 2

SINGLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS • • • Single Replacement Reactions occur when one element replaces

PRACTICE 1. Write and balance the following single replacement reaction equation: • Zinc metal

Practice 2. Sodium chloride solid reacts with fluorine gas Na. Cl(s) + F 2(g)

Practice Single Displacement Answers 1. Zn + 2 HCl -> Zn. Cl +H 2.

DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS • • Double Replacement Reactions occur when a nonmetal replaces a

DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS • • • Think about it like “foil”ing in algebra, first

PRACTICE • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Predict the products and Balance the

Double Displacement Practice Answers 1. HCl + Ag. NO -> HNO + Al. Cl

COMBUSTION REACTIONS • • Combustion reactions occur when a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas.

Combustion Reactions • In general: Cx. Hy + O 2 CO 2 + H

Combustion Reactions • Edgar Allen Poe’s drooping eyes and mouth are potential signs of

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REACTANTS: ZN + I 2 CHEMICAL REACTIONS PRODUCT: ZN I 2

A process in which at least one new substance is produced as a result of chemical change CHEMICALREACTIONS

SYMBOLS USED IN EQUATIONS Solid ___ Liquid (l) Gas ___ Aqueous solution (aq) H 2 SO 4 Catalyst Escaping gas ( ) Change of temperature ( )

SEVEN DIATOMIC ELEMENTS H 2, O 2, N 2, F 2, BR 2, I 2, CL 2 Hydrogen Oxygen H 2 O 2 Nitrogen N 2 Fluorine F 2 Chlorine Cl 2 Bromine Br 2 Iodine I 2 I Have No Bright Or Clever Friends

FOUR TYPES OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS • • Synthesis reactions occur when two substances (generally elements) combine and form a compound. (Sometimes these C are called combination or addition reactions. ) reactant + reactant 1 product GENERAL FORM : A + B AB • • Example: 2 H 2 + O 2 2 H 2 O Example: C + O 2 CO 2

SYNTHESIS REACTIONS • Here is another example of a synthesis reaction

PRACTICE • • Predict the products. Write and balance the following synthesis reaction equations. Sodium metal reacts with chlorine gas Na(s) + Cl 2(g) Solid Magnesium reacts with fluorine gas Mg(s) + F 2(g) Aluminum metal reacts with fluorine gas Al(s) + F 2(g)

Practice Synthesis ANSWERS 1. Na. Cl 2 2. Mg. F 2 3. Al. F 2

DECOMPOSITION REACTIONS • • • Decomposition reactions occur when a compound breaks up into the elements or in a few to simpler compounds 1 Reactant Product + Product General Form: AB A + B Example: 2 H 2 O 2 H 2 + O 2 Example: 2 Hg. O 2 Hg + O 2

DECOMPOSITION REACTION Another view of a decomposition reaction

PRACTICE • • • Predict the products. Then, write and balance the following decomposition reaction equations: Solid Lead (IV) oxide decomposes Pb. O 2(s) Aluminum nitride decomposes Al. N(s)

Practice Decomposition Answers 1. Pb. O 2 Pb +O 2. Al. N -> 2 Al +N 2 2

SINGLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS • • • Single Replacement Reactions occur when one element replaces another in a compound. A metal can replace a metal (+) OR a nonmetal can replace a nonmetal (-). element + compound GENERAL FORM: A + BC AC + B (if A is a metal) OR A + BC BA + C (if A is a nonmetal) (remember the cation always goes first!) When H 2 O splits into ions, it splits into H+ and OH- (not H+ and O-2 !!)

SINGLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS

PRACTICE 1. Write and balance the following single replacement reaction equation: • Zinc metal reacts with aqueous hydrochloric acid Zn(s) + HCl(aq) Zn. Cl 2 + H 2(g)

Practice 2. Sodium chloride solid reacts with fluorine gas Na. Cl(s) + F 2(g) Na. F(s) + Cl 2(g) Note that fluorine replaces chlorine in the compound NOW SOLVE ON YOUR OWN AND BALANCE 3. Aluminum metal reacts with aqueous copper (II) nitrate Al(s)+ Cu(NO 3)2(aq)

Practice Single Displacement Answers 1. Zn + 2 HCl -> Zn. Cl +H 2. 2 Na. Cl +F -> 2 Na. F +Cl 3. Al + Cu (NO ) -> Al(NO ) + Cu 2 2 3 2

DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS • • Double Replacement Reactions occur when a nonmetal replaces a nonmetal in a compound Compound + compound+ compound General Form: AB + CD AD + CB

DOUBLE REPLACEMENT REACTIONS • • • Think about it like “foil”ing in algebra, first and last ions go together + inside ions go together Example: Ag. NO 3(aq) + Na. Cl(s) Ag. Cl(s) + Na. NO 3(aq) Another example: K 2 SO 4(aq) + Ba(NO 3)2(aq) KNO 3(aq) + Ba. SO 4(s)

PRACTICE • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Predict the products and Balance the equation HCl(aq) + Ag. NO 3(aq) Ca. Cl 2(aq) + Na 3 PO 4(aq) Pb(NO 3)2(aq) + Ba. Cl 2(aq) Fe. Cl 3(aq) + Na. OH(aq) H 2 SO 4(aq) + Na. OH(aq) KOH(aq) + Cu. SO 4(aq)

Double Displacement Practice Answers 1. HCl + Ag. NO -> HNO + Al. Cl Ca. Cl +Na PO -> Ca. PO +Na. Cl Pb(NO ) +Ba. Cl -> Pb. Cl + Ba (NO ) 3 2 3 3 2 4 3 4 2 2 3 2

COMBUSTION REACTIONS • • Combustion reactions occur when a hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen gas. This is also called burning!!! In order to burn something you need the 3 things in the “fire triangle”: 1) A Fuel (hydrocarbon) 2) Oxygen to burn it with 3) Something to ignite the reaction (spark)

Combustion Reactions • In general: Cx. Hy + O 2 CO 2 + H 2 O • Products in combustion are ALWAYS carbon dioxide and water. (although incomplete burning does cause some by-products like carbon monoxide) • Combustion is used to heat homes and run automobiles (octane, as in gasoline, is C 8 H 18)

Combustion Reactions • Edgar Allen Poe’s drooping eyes and mouth are potential signs of CO poisoning.