RD in the Presidents 2006 Budget David Trinkle

R&D in the President’s 2006 Budget David Trinkle and Amy Kaminski February 15, 2005

The 2006 Budget Broad National Priorities • Promoting Economic Growth • Protecting America • Supporting a Compassionate Society • Making Government More Effective

The Deficit in Context: Percent of GDP

Growth in Discretionary Spending Declines Percent Growth in non-defense, non-homeland budget authority excluding supplementals

R&D Budget Defense Health and Human Services NASA Energy National Science Foundation Agriculture Homeland Security Commerce Transportation Veterans Affairs Interior Environmental Protection Agency Other TOTAL 2005 2006 Req 70, 422 70, 839 28, 752 28, 807 10, 990 11, 527 8, 629 8, 528 4, 082 4, 194 2, 415 2, 039 1, 185 1, 467 1, 134 1, 013 748 808 784 786 615 582 572 569 1, 243 1, 145 131, 571 132, 304 Diff. 1% 0% 5% -1% 3% -16% 24% -11% 8% 0% -5% -1% -8% 1%

Federal S&T Budget National Institutes of Health NASA National Science Foundation Defense Energy Agriculture Interior (USGS) Commerce Environmental Protection Agency Veterans Affairs Transportation Education TOTAL 2005 2006 Req 28, 444 28, 607 9, 116 9, 493 5, 473 5, 605 6, 363 5, 458 5, 635 5, 358 2, 122 1, 922 935 934 992 846 780 792 784 786 697 673 355 345 61, 696 60, 819 Diff. 1% 4% 2% -14% -5% -9% 0% -15% 2% 0% -3% -1%

2006 Request for NSF’s Astro-Related Research 2005 2006 % Diff 5, 473 5, 605 +2% 4, 221 4, 333 +3% 1, 070 1, 086 +2% - Astronomy 195 199 +2% - Physics 225 230 +2% NSF Discretionary Research and Related Activities Mathematical and Physical Sciences

2006 Request for NSF’s Astro-Related Facilities MREFC ALMA Ice. Cube Adv. LIGO 2005 2006 %Diff 49 48 49 50 0% +6% (2008 start; 3 rd in MREFC queue) Others Gemini LIGO Centers/ Observatories Tech. Development 15 32 19 32 +25% +0% (more or less flat) (increasing for LSST and GSMT)

The Basis for NASA’s Budget and Transformation: The President’s Space Exploration Vision • Announced January 14, 2004 • Response to Columbia tragedy • Calls for a sustained, affordable program of human and robotic exploration of the solar system and beyond

NASA’s 2005 Budget • President’s 2005 budget request for NASA was $16. 244 billion (+5. 6% over 2004 budget) • Congress funded NASA in 2005 at $16. 1 billion* • 2005 funds allow NASA to return the Shuttle to flight, begin work on new Crew Exploration Vehicle and Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, and conduct a wide range of space science programs. * Includes Congressional 0. 8% government-wide rescission; excludes supplemental funds for KSC hurricane damage

Transformation • Change from Six “Enterprises” and 18 “Themes” to Four “Mission Directorates” and 12 Themes – Earth/Space Science Enterprises merge into Science Mission Directorate – Origins/Structure & Evolution of Universe themes merge into “Universe” theme; Sun-Earth Connection and Earth Science themes merged into “Earth-Sun System” theme • Beginning to redefine agency objectives – Conduct advanced telescope searches for Earth-like planets/habitable environments around other stars – Explore the universe to understand its origin, structure, evolution, and destiny

Total NASA Budget ($16. 5 billion requested for 2006) $ in Millions Actual Requested/projected

NASA Science Budget ($5. 5 billion requested for 2006) $ in Millions Actual Requested/projected

2006 Budget – Universe Theme • Virtually no change from 2005 ($1, 513 million to $1, 512 million), following a 12% increase from 2004 to 2005 • Keeps JWST, GLAST, Kepler, and WISE missions on track to launch as scheduled • Provides increases for TPF and LISA to carry out early mission work • Fully funds all operating missions (Hubble, Spitzer, Chandra, Swift, etc. )

2006 Budget – Universe Theme • Maintains R&A at the $60+ million level • Provides funding for Hubble de-orbit and ground-based life extension activities; no funds for Shuttle-based or robotic servicing • Delays SIM by two years, to 2011 launch • Explorer Program projection reduced over next four years; NASA is examining how budget profile will support future selections

The focus should be not only how much but also how well • Program Assessment Rating Tool (PART) is a vehicle used to improve program performance • Most sweeping assessment of federal programs – over 600 programs • 20% of programs to be added each year • Of the 600+ programs, 84 have been R&D

Ratings of Sample R&D Programs Effective Moderately Effective NASA: Mars Exploration NASA: Solar System Exploration NASA: Structure and Evolution of the Universe NASA: Sun-Earth Connection NSF: All programs assessed to date NASA: Earth System Science NASA: Mission and Science Measurement NASA: Space Station Adequate NASA: Education NASA: Space and Flight Support Ineffective DOE: Oil Technology Results Not Demonstrated NASA: Earth Science Applications NASA: Space Shuttle

PART Assessments of 58 R&D Programs 45%

Summary of the 2006 Budget · Sets priority on war against terrorism, overseas and at home · Funds high-priority initiatives; restrains spending throughout the rest of government · Maintains focus on results instead of dollars

Backup Slides

R&D Investment Criteria Prospective Planning Relevance Quality Retrospective Assessment Performance

Exploration Vision Objectives • Sustained, affordable human/robotic program to explore solar system and beyond • Human presence across solar system, starting w/human return to Moon by 2020, to prepare for human exploration of Mars and beyond • Innovative technologies, knowledge, and infrastructure to explore/support human destination decisions • International and commercial participation in exploration