RAYAT SHIKSHAN SANSTA SATARA SHREE SIDDHESHAWAR HIGHSCHOOL KORHALE

RAYAT SHIKSHAN SANSTA , SATARA SHREE SIDDHESHAWAR HIGHSCHOOL , KORHALE BK TAL – BARAMATI , DIST. - PUNE MAKER - SHINDE NAVNATH JAGANNATH (M. Sc. , B. Ed. )

CHAPTER NO. -4 PROBABILITY

TERMS IN PROBABILITY • In random experiment all posible results are known in advance but none of them can be predicted with certainty • Ex. Tossing a coin , throwing a die

OUTCOMES • The result of a random experiment are called outcomes • Ex. - tossing a coin We have two possible outcomes Head (H) or tail (T)

SAMPLE SPACE • The set of all possible outcomes of a random experiment is called the sample space • It is denoted by ‘S’ OR ‘Ω’ • EX. - A Die is thrown S= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} n(S)=6

EVENT • A subset of the sample space is called an event • Events are denoted by capital letters A, B, C…. . • A Die is thrown S= {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} n(S)=6 Let E be the event that uppermost face shows an even number E = {2, 4, 6} n(E)=3

Types of an events • Certain event- the event which contain all the possible sample points of sample space is called Certain event • Impossible event- an event which do not contain any sample points of sample space is called Impossible event • Elementary event – an event consisting of only one sample points of sample space is called Elementary event

PROBABILITY OF AN EVENT • The probability of an event A written as P(A) and is defined as number of sample point in event A P(A)= -------------------------number of sample point S n(A) P(A)= -------n(S)

PROPERTIES OF PROBABILITY • P(φ)=0 and P(S)=1 i. e. probality of an imposible event is zero and. probality of a certain event is one • If S is the finite sample space and A is an event of S then 0≤ P(A) ≤ 1 • P(A’)= 1 - P(A) where A’ is the complement of event A

THANKS