Ratification of the Constitution Federalists vs AntiFederalists A

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Ratification of the Constitution Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists

Ratification of the Constitution Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists

 • A. ) The Constitution was publicized in newspapers & pamphlets for all

• A. ) The Constitution was publicized in newspapers & pamphlets for all American’s to read • The framers knew it would cause controversy • B. ) Explained the constitution was based on federalism: • Federal & state governments have separate powers (share power)

RATIFICATION • C. ) 9 of the 13 states had to approve the Constitution

RATIFICATION • C. ) 9 of the 13 states had to approve the Constitution for ratification • Led to many different opinions about what a government should & should not do

POLITICAL PARTIES Two political groups formed out of the debates: • Federalist: For ratifying

POLITICAL PARTIES Two political groups formed out of the debates: • Federalist: For ratifying the Constitution Anti-Federalists Alexander Hamilton John Jay James Madison Patrick Henry George Mason Richard Henry Lee • Anti-Federalist: Against ratifying the Constitution

Reasons for Ratification Debate Federalists VS Anti-Federalists • Wanted to remove powers • Important

Reasons for Ratification Debate Federalists VS Anti-Federalists • Wanted to remove powers • Important political matters from states & give to the should remain with the states national government • Divide powers among separate • Legislative branch more branches of government powerful than executive branch • One person to lead the executive branch • Strong executive branch would lead to a king or tyrant • Had the support of most newspapers • Bill of Rights needed for protection

Informed Public Federalist Stance • Federalist Papers – Written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton,

Informed Public Federalist Stance • Federalist Papers – Written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, & John Jay – Published anonymously under pen name “Publius” – Series of 85 essays which appeared in 2 New York newspapers supporting the Constitution • Use of political cartoons to follow the ratification – “The Federal Pillars” published in the Massachusetts Centinel

The Federalist Pillars

The Federalist Pillars

 • Informed Public Anti-Federalist Complaints Published pamphlets to convince American’s that the Constitution

• Informed Public Anti-Federalist Complaints Published pamphlets to convince American’s that the Constitution destroyed basic liberties: liberties freedom of press, religious tolerance, right to a trial by jury • George Mason -concept of inalienable rights influenced Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence - Member of the Constitutional Convention, Convention advocated strong local gov’t & weak central gov’t, did not sign the constitution • Patrick Henry -did not attend the Constitutional Convention b/c “smelled a rat” & fought against ratification

Constitutional Compromise • A. ) James Madison proposed amendments (changes) to the Constitution •

Constitutional Compromise • A. ) James Madison proposed amendments (changes) to the Constitution • 1. ) The first 10 amendments added to the end of the Constitution are called the Bill of Rights • a. ) Protect the people from the power of the federal gov’t

RATIFICATION TIMELINE 12/7/1787 – Delaware ratifies Constitution with a vote of 30 -0 2/6/1788

RATIFICATION TIMELINE 12/7/1787 – Delaware ratifies Constitution with a vote of 30 -0 2/6/1788 – Massachusetts ratifies Constitution with a vote of 187 -168 12/18/1787 – New Jersey ratifies Constitution with a vote of 38 -0 9/17/1787 – Convention ratifies Constitution/sent to Congress for approval 5/23/1788 – South Carolina ratifies Constitution with a vote of 149 -73 12/31/1787 – Georgia ratifies Constitution with a vote of 26 -0 6/21/1788 – New Hampshire ratifies Constitution with a vote of 57 -47 1788 1787 9/28/1787 – Confederation Congress ratifies Constitution/sent to states for approval 12/12/1787 – Pennsylvania ratifies Constitution with a vote of 46 -23 November 1788 – Congress & Presidential elections take place 1/9/1788 – Connecticut ratifies Constitution with a vote of 128 -40 4/26/1788 – Maryland ratifies Constitution with a vote of 63 -11 7/2/1788– Confederation Congress accepts ratification of Constitution 7/26/1788 – New York ratifies Constitution with a vote of 30 -27 6/25/1788 – Virginia ratifies Constitution with a vote of 89 -79 1789 March 1789 – First Congress convenes in New York 4/14/1789 – President George Washington takes oath of office 1790 11/21/1789 – North Carolina ratifies Constitution, after several failed attempts to hold a convention, with a vote of 194 -77 9/25/1789 – James Madison proposed 12 amendments to the Constitution 1791 5/29/1790 – Rhode Island, only state not to send delegates to Convention, ratifies Constitution with a vote of 34 -32 12/15/1791 – 10 of the 12 amendments are ratified & become the Bill of Rights