Rare earth mineral Prepared by Prof Anil Kumar

Rare earth mineral Prepared by Prof Anil Kumar Sahu Lecturer In Geology KHEMUNDI COLLEGE, DIGAPAHANDI

PLACER MINERALS 1. Ilmenite 2. Rutile 3. Zircon 4. Sillimanite 5. Garnet 6. Monazite

ILMENITE It was discovered by Adolph theodor kupffer in 1827 It is an common accessory mineral in igneous rock also occure in placer deposits. USES Mainly used in the titanium dioxide also used in the production of synthetic ruttile , plastic industry , paper industry , air craft industry.

ILMENITE

Chemical formula: - Fe 2+Ti 03 System: - Trigonal Colour: - Iron black Or Black Lusture: - Metalic Clevage: - None Hardness: - 5 -6 Streak: - Black to reddish brown Magnetic property: - Magnetic Eletrical property: - Conducting Specific gravity: - 4. 54 Bulk density: - 2. 8 Fracture: - Conchoidal

It was discovered by Abraham gottlob werner in 1800 century. USES Used for coating of welding electrodes & for the production of titanium dioxide pigment & titanium tetrachloride used for the production titanium metal.

RUTILE

Physical & Optical Properties Chemical formula: - Ti 02 System: - Tetragonal Colour: - Black, brownish Lusture: - Admantine Clevage: -Distinct Hardness: - 6 -7 Streak: - Grayish black Magnetic property: - Non magnetic Eletrical property: - Conducting Specific gravity: - 4. 25 Bulk density: - 2. 6 Fracture: - Uneven

It was also named by Abraham gottlob werner in 1783 USES Used in foundries ceramics & refractori industry also used in the manufacture of zirconium metal alloys and chemicals computer monitor , television , screen oxygen sensor cutting tools

ZIRCON

Physical & Optical Properties Chemical formula: - Zrsio 4 System: - Tetragonal Colour: - Reddish Lusture: - Admantine Clevage: -Indistinct Hardness: - 7. 5 Streak: - white Magnetic property: - Non magnetic Eletrical property: - Non conducting Specific gravity: - 4. 68 Bulk density: - 2. 88 Fracture: - Uneven

It was named or discovered in 1824 by george thomas bowen. USES Mainly used in the manufacture of refractoty bricks for high temp. application also used in high alumina refractories , steel and glass industry cement industry.

SILLIMANITE

Physical & Optical Properties Chemical formula: - Al 2(sio 4)o System: - Orthorohmbic Colour: - white Lusture: - Vitreous Clevage: -Perfect Hardness: - 7 Streak: - white Magnetic property: - Non magnetic Eletrical property: - Non conducting Specific gravity: - 3. 25 Bulk density: -1. 88 Fracture: - Splintery

USES Used in the manufacturing of abrasives , griding wheels for polishing glass/tv tube as sand blasting media , water jet cutting and in water filtration cleansing of casing /pipes in petroleum industry. As powder for ceramics, glass polishing and antiskid surfaces polishing of picture tube

Physical & Optical Properties Chemical formula: - A 3 B 2(sio 4)3 System: - Isometric Colour: - Typically red but can be orange Lusture: - Vitreous Clevage: -None Hardness: - 6. 5 -7. 5 Streak: - Colourless Magnetic property: - Moderately magnetic Eletrical property: - Nonconducting Specific gravity: - 4. 11 Bulk density: - 2. 2 -2. 3

It was named from the greek word “to be solitary” USES Extraction of thorium concentrate and rare earth compounds. Used as a fuel for nuclear reactors , used in the manufacture of detergent chemicals , gas-mantles , permanent magnetes, colour TV tubes , fleorescent lights.

MONAZITE

Physical & Optical Properties Chemical formula: - (La, ce, y, Th)po 4 Th Ou 3 O 8 System: - Monoclinic Colour: - pale yellow Lusture: - Admantine Clevage: -Distinct Hardness: - 5 -6 Streak: - Grayish white Magnetic property: - Feebly magnetic Eletrical property: - Nonconducting Specific gravity: - 5. 25 Bulk density: - 2. 98 Fracture: - Conchoidal

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