Radio detection of ultrahigh energy neutrinos in Antarctica

Radio detection of ultra-high energy neutrinos in Antarctica Dave Besson, University of Kansas Nebraska Colorado Kansas Oklahoma Missouri

конечная цель: соединиться спектра Заряженный, g-, и нейтрины измеренно на земле Cosmic Ray spectrum Atmospheric neutrinos Extragalactic flux sets scale for many accelerator models UHECRs

радио эхо обнаруживаемый сквозь 5. 6 km. Лда! Barwick, Besson, Gorham, Saltzberg, J. Glac. 2005 Bedrock/2850 m

E(w) – Provorov/Butkevich (INR) vs. ZHS vs. AVZ

пучок электронов в SLAC - прямой наблюдение A. действие (~2 GHz) Sub-ns pulse, Ep-p~ 200 V/m! моделирующее 2 GHz data • Measured pulse field strengths follow shower profile very closely • Charge excess also closely correlated to shower profile (EGS simulation)

Is it coherent Cherenkov radiation? Yes! 2. 2 GHz data: E S 100% polarized U Cherenkov radiation predictions: • 100% linearly polarized • plane of polarization aligned with plane containing Poynting vector S and particle/cascade velocity U измерение плоскость поляризация In proper plane Reflection from side wall • Observed: • 100% linearly polarized pulses • Plane of polarization exactly aligned with plane of S and U

Coherence and absolute field strength • No departures from coherence • field strength ~ Ng ~ shower energy • tested over a factor of ~20 in energy 2. 2 GHz all antennas • Frequency dependence also as expected for coherent Cherenkov: E ~ n dn up to ~2 GHz Full Coherence Cherenkov curve

RICE-AMANDA-SPASE (South Pole) SPASE RICE

Z-burst

Acoustic Detection of Ultra-High Energy Neutrinos ITEP Moscow I Proton beam measurements Acoustic signal simulation V. I. Albul et al. Instr. and Exp. Techn. 44 (2001)327 Amplitude P Proton beam Amplitude beam: ITEP Moskau 125 Me. V, 200 Me. V p Ethr 1016 e. V target : H 2 O P [dyn] = 2. 3*10 -14 Eb 0. 78 detector: [e. V] hydrophone Time [mks] a -2004, June 18, 2004 Rolf Nahnhauer – DESY Zeuthen 25

a EAS ITEP Moscow II Sensitive hydrophone manufacturing Experiments at Lake Baikal An example of detected sound (hydrophones H 1 H 4, G 7, G 8) piezo: -180 d. B Acoustic noise from Baikal water sin time/msec 3 “clusters” = 90º surface noise = 0º ? ? ? = -10º ? ? ? noise channeling below ice due to temperature gradient ? a -2004, June 18, 2004 Rolf Nahnhauer – DESY Zeuthen /rad 26