Radiation measurements in Estonia Kristjan Nurmela Ain Kallis

Radiation measurements in Estonia Kristjan Nurmela, Ain Kallis Davos 2015

Estonia

Estonia parameters: • Latitude and Longitude 59° 00' N, 26° 00' E • Population 1. 3 M (69. 1% Estonians, 25. 2% Russians) • Area 45 339 km 2 • Maximum height: 317 (m. a. s. l) • Coldes: -43. 5 °C 17 th of January 1940 • Hottest: 35. 6 °C 11 th of August 1992 • Common temp. range : -10 to +20 °C

Estonia in IPC events PMO 6 -850405 Ain Kallis IPCs 1995 -2010 (5)

Actinometric network in Estonia 8 x global radiation 5 x UVE 13 x sunshine duratation Tallinn Jõhvi Nigula Ristna Haapsalu Kuusiku Jõgeva Vilsandi Roomassaare Pärnu Viljandi Tiirikoja Tõravere Sõrve Longer time series of radiation measurements have been obtained from Tartu-Tõravere (since 1950) and Tiirikoja near Lake Peipsi (since 1956). Võru Narva

Tartu-Tõravere BSRN station radiation sensors: Solar Light • direct irradiance • photosynthetically active radiation, direct and global • global, diffuse, reflected irradiance • downward longwave irradiance • upward longwave irradiance • total ozone measurements • UV erythemal radiation • net radiation • UVA + UVB • 306 nm UVB Microtops II UVS-e-t Eppley NIP CUVB 1 LI-COR 190 SA Janiševski AT-50 CUV 3 CGR 4 + CVF 4 Eppley PIR CM-21 + CVF 3 GB-1 J. Reemann CMP-21 CM-21 + CV 2 (1965 - ) CVF 4 Tartu-Tõravere Station became a BSRN candidate in 1993, CHP 1 since 1999 it has operated as a BSRN station. It belongs to the Estonian Environment Agency (former Estonian Meteorological and Hydrological Institute)

Data acquisition in Tõravere station CR 10 X Avg of 10 per min. PC New data every 5 min Engeneer 1 st look on data (every workday) Calculation of values for instruments (PAS, XLS) Data sending to databases (our own, BSRN) Once a month

New Instruments since 2010: • Kipp&Zonen 2 AP sun tracker • PFR for AOD (atm on repair & cal) • 1/3 on the way to full automatisation using Vaisala MAWS stations (troubleshooting)

Calibrations PMO 6 NIP AT-50 Tõravere pyranameters Backup AT-50’s CHP 1 Other st. pyranometers

7 th of June 2015 (sunny sunday)

Sunshine duration at Tartu-Tõravere (1953 -1958, 1967 -2014) (h) 2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1950 1960 1970 1980 years 1990 2000 2010 2020

Future plans: • Vaisala Observation Network Manager • Connecting all Tõravere station radiation instruments to Vaisala MAWS system • Start calibrating all our instruments more regularly • Replace J. Reemann GB-1 net radiation with pyranometers and pyrgeometers calculation.

Thank you for your attention Kristjan Nurmela kristjan. nurmela@envir. ee Agent 007