R 834799 Development of Fused Spatiotemporal Air Pollutant

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R 834799 Development of Fused Spatiotemporal Air Pollutant Exposure Surrogates for Health Studies Mariel

R 834799 Development of Fused Spatiotemporal Air Pollutant Exposure Surrogates for Health Studies Mariel D. Friberg 1, S. Sororian 1, H. Holmes 1, C. Ivey 1, Yongtao Hu 1, A. Russell 1, J. Mulholland 1, R. Kahn 2, M. Chin 2 1 Georgia Institute of Technology, 2 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 24 October 2013 Air & Waste Management Association Georgia Chapter Fall Conference Atlanta, GA scape. gatech. edu /16

Motivation: Health • classified outdoor air pollution as carcinogenic to humans • evaluation showed

Motivation: Health • classified outdoor air pollution as carcinogenic to humans • evaluation showed an increasing risk of lung cancer with increasing levels of exposure to particulate matter and air pollution • in 2010, 223 000 deaths from lung cancer worldwide resulted from air pollution scape. gatech. edu 2/16

Motivation: Health Burden of disease attributable to 20 leading risk factors in 2010, expressed

Motivation: Health Burden of disease attributable to 20 leading risk factors in 2010, expressed as a percentage of global disability-adjusted life-years. *Image From: Lim et al (2012), Lancet scape. gatech. edu 3/16

Motivation: Monetary Benefits and Costs of the Clean Air Act from 1990 to 2020

Motivation: Monetary Benefits and Costs of the Clean Air Act from 1990 to 2020 $1. 9 Trillion *Image From: U. S. EPA OAR. The Benefits and Costs of the Clean Air Act from 1990 to 2020: Summary Report. March 2011. . scape. gatech. edu 4/16

Overall Objective • Surrogate exposure metrics can help explain apparent between-city heterogeneity in acute

Overall Objective • Surrogate exposure metrics can help explain apparent between-city heterogeneity in acute associations between ambient air quality and morbidity. scape. gatech. edu 5/16

Overview SCAPE Center Organization Southeastern Center for Air Pollution and Epidemiology (SCAPE) scape. gatech.

Overview SCAPE Center Organization Southeastern Center for Air Pollution and Epidemiology (SCAPE) scape. gatech. edu 6/16

Specific Objective • Develop and evaluate surrogate exposure metrics to better understand the impact

Specific Objective • Develop and evaluate surrogate exposure metrics to better understand the impact of exposure measurement error and the benefits of using fused air pollutant data at higher spatial resolution in time-series studies. ? scape. gatech. edu 7/16

SCAPE Multi-City Study Area St. Louis, Missouri 2001 -2003 Blair St. CSN PM 2.

SCAPE Multi-City Study Area St. Louis, Missouri 2001 -2003 Blair St. CSN PM 2. 5 = 14. 5 mg m-3 Dallas-Fort Worth, Texas Atlanta, Georgia PM 2. 5 = 10. 3 mg m-3 PM 2. 5 = 16. 6 mg m-3 2006 -2010 Hinton CSN scape. gatech. edu 1999 -2004 JST SEARCH 8/16

Dataset Comparison NOx spatial R 2 ~ 0. 9 temporal R 2 < 0.

Dataset Comparison NOx spatial R 2 ~ 0. 9 temporal R 2 < 0. 5 scape. gatech. edu PM 2. 5 spatial R 2 < 0. 5 temporal R 2 < 0. 5 9/16

Dataset Comparison NOx spatial R 2 ~ 0. 9 PM 2. 5 spatial R

Dataset Comparison NOx spatial R 2 ~ 0. 9 PM 2. 5 spatial R 2 < 0. 5 CMAQ Assessment Temporal variance Spatial variance – secondary pollutant temporal R 2 < 0. 5 Spatial variance – primary pollutant Strong seasonal trends scape. gatech. edu 10/16

Data Fusion Methodology Weighting Factors 16. 3 14 48. 2 40 7 Combine to

Data Fusion Methodology Weighting Factors 16. 3 14 48. 2 40 7 Combine to maximize correlation over time and space R 2 R 1 = a e g D Spatially Resolved Pollutant Field, C* CMAQ 80 60 40 20 90 70 50 30 10 Example: 1 -hr max NO 2 (ppb) in Georgia for 21 September 2010, using 4 -km resolution CTM data scape. gatech. edu 11/16

Future Work • Apply data fusion method • Pollutants: 5 air pollutant gases and

Future Work • Apply data fusion method • Pollutants: 5 air pollutant gases and 7 airborne particulate matter measures • Location: 5 cities • Time Period: 1998 -2010 • Conduct uncertainty analysis • Data Withholding scape. gatech. edu 12/16

Future Fusion Methodology Model Development MISR 1 Research Aerosol Retrieval Algorithm Ground Observations (Kahn

Future Fusion Methodology Model Development MISR 1 Research Aerosol Retrieval Algorithm Ground Observations (Kahn et al. , 2001) CTM Results (SCAPE 2, DISCOVER-AQ 3) Model Evaluation (DISCOVER-AQ 3) Uncertainty Analysis (Patadia et al. , 2013; Errico, 1997) Model Application (SCAPE 2) 1 Multi-angle Imaging Spectro. Radiometer. 2 Southeastern Center for Air Pollution and Epidemiology. 3 Deriving Information on Surface Conditions from Column and Vertically Resolved Observations Relevant to Air Quality field campaign. scape. gatech. edu 13/16

Conclusion • Surrogate exposure metrics from fusion method will be used in health studies

Conclusion • Surrogate exposure metrics from fusion method will be used in health studies to: • Provide best risk estimate in each city • Estimate impact of error due to spatial variation scape. gatech. edu 14/16

 Acknowledgments • Special thanks to: – Dr. Mulholland, Dr. Russell, Dr. Holmes, Dr.

Acknowledgments • Special thanks to: – Dr. Mulholland, Dr. Russell, Dr. Holmes, Dr. Kahn, Ms. Ivey • • U. S. EPA SCAPE NASA Jenkins Graduate Fellowship AWMA Georgia Chapter Southern Company/ARA SCAPE Center Organization This presentation was made possible in part by USEPA and NASA. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the grantee and do not necessarily represent the official views of the funding sources and those sources do not endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in the publication. scape. gatech. edu 15/16

 Questions? • http: //www. scape. gatech. edu/ • gte 170 u@gatech. edu SCAPE

Questions? • http: //www. scape. gatech. edu/ • gte 170 u@gatech. edu SCAPE Center Organization scape. gatech. edu 16/16