R 3 Controls Valves Accessories Heat Pumps 3

R 3 Controls, Valves, Accessories & Heat Pumps #3 Accessories © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2

Refrigeration Accessories Devices that improve system performance The following accessories are in this presentation: • Filter Driers & Sight Glasses • Receivers • Accumulators • Oil Separators • Heat Exchangers • Vibration Absorbers • Crankcase Heaters © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 2

Liquid line filter drier by Sporlan Cut-away picture of Liquid line filter-drier © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 3

Liquid Line Filter Driers Located in liquid line: – Close to metering device for protection, or – Close to King Valve for convenience Desiccant: Filter material in beads or block Removes debris, moisture, and acid © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 4

Liquid Line Filter Drier - Sporlan Fiberglass 100 Mesh Outlet Pad Screen Strainer Shockproof Assembly Desiccant Core is a Blend of Molecular Sieve and Activated Alumina © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 100 Mesh Screen Fiberglass Pad Strainer 5

Liquid Line Filter Driers Desiccant types: Activated Alumina – High acid removal, moderate moisture capacity Molecular Sieve – High water capacity, low acid removal Silica Gel – High water capacity only © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 6

Liquid Line Filter Drier - Sporlan - Filter Driers Clean Contaminants and Moisture from the Refrigerant © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 7

Liquid Line Filter Drier - Alco Beaded Desiccant 100 Mesh Screen Fiberglass End Strainers Middle Strainer © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 8

Liquid Line Filter Drier - Alco - Cleans and Dries the Liquid Refrigerant © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 9

Suction Line Filter Driers Location: – In the suction line Purpose: – Remove debris, moisture, acid, and wax from system Notes: – Always install one after a compressor burnout – Check pressure drop – Do not leave in the system © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 10

Suction Filter Driers by Sporlan © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 11

Suction Line Filter Drier - Sporlan - Schrader Valves To Check Pressure Drop Shockproof Assembly Desiccant © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 Fiberglass, Screens, and Strainers 12

Sight Glasses Location and purpose: – In the liquid line • To indicate amount of liquid refrigerant flowing – Before TEV • To check for liquid to TEV – After liquid line filter-drier • To check for stopped up drier Types: • Plain glass – only shows refrigerant flow • Sight Glass with moisture indicator – Shows refrigerant flow and moisture content © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 13

Sight Glass - Sporlan DOT MOISTURE INDICATOR Yellow indicates wet system Bubbles = üLack of refrigerant Green indicates dry system üLow load üRestriction © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 14

Receivers • • • Located in the liquid line Storage tank for liquid refrigerant Sized to hold 20% more than full charge Liquid from condenser enters the top Liquid leaves from bottom through dip tube Used on systems with expansion valves © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 15

Refrigeration System Components Receiver Compressor + + Evaporator Condenser RECEIVER © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 16

Receiver with Top Removed Liquid from condenser Collects in cylinder To TEV Through King Valve Forced up dip tube © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 17

The King Valve on the Receiver Location: Receiver outlet in liquid line Purpose: – As a service port – Used to pump down system Valve positions: 1. Cracked: check system pressure 2. Front seat: pump down system 3. Back seat: normal operation © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 18

Receiver + King Valve + Dip Tube © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 19

Receiver and King Valve Operation Liquid from Condenser Liquid to Evaporator The receiver stores liquid © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 Liquid is forced up the dip tube 20

King Valve Cracked to Read System Pressure Liquid from Condenser Liquid to Evaporator © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 21

King Valve Front Seated -"Pumping Down" System Refrigerant from evaporator and suction line is stored as liquid in receiver. Liquid from Condenser Liquid Vapor to Evaporator © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 22

King Valve Back Seated – Normal Operation Purge Hoses Before Disconnecting Liquid level drops as liquid flows to evaporator Pssst Liquid from Condenser Liquid Vapor to Evaporator © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 23

Suction Line Accumulator © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 24

Suction Line Accumulators Location: – In the suction line near compressor Purpose: – Prevent liquid from slugging compressor Operation: – Liquid boils off before getting to compressor – Any trapped oil is also returned to compressor Notes: – Should not be insulated – May have liquid line coiled in bottom – Rusting may develop leaks over time © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 25

Suction Line Accumulator Suction Gas In Suction Gas Out Liquid boils off in the accumulator © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 Only vapor goes to compressor 26

Suction Line Accumulator Oil is returned to the compressor Oil falls to bottom of accumulator © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 OIL drawn into P-trap 27

Small Accumulator for Reach-in Freezer © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 28

Oil Separators Location: – On the discharge line – Close to crankcase – In a warm location Purpose: – Separates oil from discharge gas – Returns oil to the compressor crankcase © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 29

Oil Separator Discharge Gas Enters Separator CONDENSER Oil is pulled into the Compressor Crankcase As oil rises float opens the tube © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 Discharge gas to the condenser Oil is Separated from the Gas 30

Heat Exchangers Location: Installed in the suction line leaving the evaporator How it operates: Heat from liquid line is transferred to the suction line Benefits: 1. Subcools liquid before entering TEV • Prevents “flash gas” in TEV 2. Improves evaporator efficiency • May allow use of smaller evaporator Note: A capillary tube soldered to a suction line is also a type of heat exchanger © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 31

Refrigeration System Accessories Heat Exchanger Compressor + + Evaporator Condenser RECEIVER Heat Exchanger © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 32

Heat Exchanger Liquid Out To Metering Device Liquid In From the Receiver Liquid is cooled by suction vapor Suction Vapor To Compressor Courtesy of Packless Industries From Evaporator Ribbed Inner Pipe for Better Heat Transfer © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 33

Picture of Heat Exchanger on a WIF Heat exchanger on a Walk-in Freezer © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 34

Picture of Vibration Absorbers Courtesy of Anaconda © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 35

Vibration Eliminator / Absorber Location: – Near compressor (semi-hermetic) – In line with compressor crankshaft • Purpose: – Protect tubing • Construction: – Inside is like a series of bellows – Outside is woven copper wire © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 36

Vibration Absorber Braided Wire Cover Protects Inner Pipe © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 Flexible Inner Pipe Absorbs Vibrations 37

Refrigeration System Components Must Be Installed Parallel Vibration Eliminators to Compressor Crankshaft Compressor Evaporator Condenser Metering Device © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 38

Crankcase Heaters Location: – In or under compressor crankcase Purpose: – Boil off any liquid refrigerant in the oil Why: – Refrigerant migrates to the coldest part of the system – Refrigerant has an affinity for oil Operation: – They should be ON when the compressor is off – They should be OFF when the compressor is on © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 39

Refrigerant Migration Liquid R 22 migrates to compressor oil OIL R 22 Crankcase heaters boil off refrigerant © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 40

Refrigerant Migration Liquid R 22 migrates to compressor oil OIL R 22 © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 41

Crankcase Heaters: Insertion Type 100 W 240 V © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 42

Coil and Plate Type Crankcase Heaters 100 W 240 V © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 43

External Strap Type Crankcase Heater for Hermetic Compressors © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 44

Crankcase Heaters Installed on: Semi-Hermetic Compressor Internal, Plate & Coil Heaters © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 Strap Type Heater 45

Crankcase Heaters are OFF when the compressor is ON Normally Closed Contacts are Open on Auxiliary set of Contacts L 2 L 1 L 3 Compressor Contacts are Closed Compressor is Running 2 1 3 © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 Crankcase Heater is Off 46

Crankcase Heaters are ON when the compressor is OFF Normally Closed Contacts are Closed on Auxiliary set of Contacts L 2 L 1 L 3 Compressor Contacts are Open Compressor is Off 2 1 3 © 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 Crankcase Heater is On 47

© 2004 Refrigeration Training Services - R 3 Subject 3 Accessories v 1. 2 48