Quiz Sketch the time domain waveform and spectrum

Quiz Sketch the time domain waveform and spectrum, labeling all important features, of a rectangular pulse of 2. 4 Ghz having 1 u. S duration.

Bluetooth Operation in the Industrial/Scientific/Medical (ISM) band @ 2. 4 Ghz “Low power, uncoordinated, interference dominated RF environment” Pico-Net architecture One master Up to seven active slaves Up to 200 inactive (parked) slaves Devices may participate in multiple pico-nets (scatternet) Master in one pico-net may be slave in another Transmit Power Class-1: 100 m. W Class-2: 0. 25 to 2. 5 m. W Class-3: 1 m. W 10 m range for Rx sensitivity of -70 d. Bm, 10 -3 BER

Modulation Gaussian Filtered 2 FSK +/- 175 k. Hz deviation@ 1 M-symbol/sec (1 bit/symbol) Frequency Hopping at 1600 hops/sec 625 u. S “Hop slot” 366 u. S per slot available for one data packet Masters transmit in even numbered slots Addressed slaves transmit in next odd slot Packets may be extended to three or five slots Five different hopping sequences 79 One-Mhz channels between 2400 – 2483. 5 Mhz Maximum throughput is 721/57. 6 or 432. 6/432. 6 kb/s Synchronous Connection Oriented (SOC) protocol – voice Asynchronous, connectionless (ACL) protocol – packet data Error Correction: 1/3 rate FEC 2/3 rate FEC ARQ

Packet Types System Packets: NULL, POLL, FHS Medium Rate error-protected(2/3 rate FEC) DM 1, DM 3, DM 5 High Rate Unprotected (No FEC in Payload) DH 1, DH 3, DH 5 Digitized Audio, 3 levels of error protection HV 1, HV 2, HV 3 Mixed data/voice DV Other AUX

Packet Structure 72 bits 54 bits Access Code Header 0 to 2745 bits Payload + CRC(16 bit) 4 bits Access Code Preamble 3 bits Header 64 bits Sync word + BT-Addr 4 bits 1 bit AM-Addr Type Flow Trailer 1 bit ARQ Seq 8 bits CRC

Addressing BT-Addr : Bluetooth identifier, unique to each registered bluetooth type device: 48 bits /1014 possible AM-Addr: 1 -7 for each Active Member slave; 0 broadcast to all PM-Addr: 8 bit Parked Member address assigned before parking device

Link Synchronization ACL – Asynchronous connection link Used for Data, Error detection/ARQ SCO-Synchronous Connection Oriented Used for voice or other real-time data Reserved transmission slots FEC – no retransmission

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) • Extension to IEEE 802. 11 b in 1999 by WECA (Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance) • Operation in ISM band with data rates of 5. 5 and 11 Mbits/sec (nominal) , 1 and 2 Mb/s fallback rates • Direct sequence modulation Complimentary Code Keying (CCK) Packet Binary Convolutional Coding (PBCC) Assigned 22 Mhz region in ISM band, overlapping Bluetooth – so bluetooth is required to “hop over” this band if Wi-Fi is detected. 802. 11 a also defines assignments in the UNII (Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure) band at 5 Ghz. 6 Mb/s to 54 Mb/s using OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency-Division Modulation)