Quick challenge In front of you are the

Quick challenge • In front of you are the titles of the poems you will be studying. • Can you make any connections between them, just by looking at the titles?

Objectives: - to consider why poetry is written and what makes ‘good’ poetry - to explore Agbabi’s poem ‘Eat me’

Why do people write poetry? Samuel Taylor Coleridge, in Table Talk, July 12, 1827 "I wish our clever young poets would remember my homely definitions of prose and poetry; that is, prose is words in their best order; poetry is the best words in their best order. " Two minutes to discuss End

Why do people write poetry? As catharsis – purgation of emotions/release of pressure To convey themselves more eloquently than with prose As a remembrance – of a moment/person/event/thought Due to a love of language and the endless possibilities involved in its manipulation • As a challenge – perhaps the most challenging form of literature in which to express yourself? • • What makes ‘good’ poetry? POPULARITY? STRUCTURE? EMOTION? TOPIC MATTER: CONTOVERSIAL, UNIVERSAL, UNIQUE? CONTEXT DEPENDENT (PRODUCTION AND RECEPTION)?

TASK : Creative writing What makes a ‘bad poem’? In groups of 3 -4: Write the WORST poem you can in 5 minutes. Use cliché, bad rhyme etc.

First poem: Eat Me (Patience Agbabi) https: //www. youtube. com /watch? v=jfx. PWK 47 e. Lg EAT ME TWO MINUTES TO JOT DOWN ALL THE CONNOTATIONS THIS TITLE MIGHT HOLD… Aggressive/imperative? Sexual innuendo? An insult? Fairytale allusion? About temptation?

4 step storyboard – what happens in the poem? Sketch each stage on a piece of paper with a supporting quotation underneath E. g. 1. The narrator tells us of her unhealthy relationship – in more ways than one…

As we read, underline any lines that depict the female body What metaphors/similes are used? WHY? 5 minutes to discuss N. B: A juggernaut refers not only to a large truck but to any literal/metaphorical force that is regarded as mercilessly destructive and unstoppable Etymology: (Hindi) A huge wagon bearing the god Krishna CHALLENGE: do the kind of comparisons change throughout the poem? How does this reflect the shifting balance of power in the piece?

Key terms for today: Phonology (the sound devices used in a text) Heteroglossia (the co- existence of different voices/different linguistic styles within the same space) e. g. “she uses the concept of heteroglossia in this poem to. . . ” In pairs, try to respond to the following questions: 1. What are some differences between the narrator and her partner’s speech style? 2. Where does the partner’s speech come in the poem and why might that be significant? 3. Find an example of some harsh plosive sounds here (p, t, d, g) – what is the effect? 4. Find an example of some soft, long vowel sounds here – what is the effect? 5. Look at the anaphora in stanza 7 – why is this refrain used? 6. Find an example of alliteration – what is its purpose in the poem?

Homework: 1. Read the Guardian article on the Forward anthology, highlighting key sections to help you understand why it was written

Objective: - to explore another poem in the collection in which a woman’s body is used as a symbol

A mnemonic for poetry analysis – F. L. I. R. T To Begin: Decide which features of a poem from the box on the right fall under which heading: Form Language Imagery Rhyme/Rhythm Tone Don’t forget to FLIRT Stanza length symbolism half-rhyme satirical narrator simile juxtaposition volta assonance nostalgic speaker pace hyperbole caesura quatrain

Eat Me – a recap 1. Rank these statements about the poem, from the one you most agree with to the one you are least convinced by. Be prepared to explain why! - Eat Me is a poem about female empowerment Eat Me creates a sensuous feel not only from the language used, but the sounds created As readers, we are meant to judge the narrator As readers, we are meant to judge her partner Eat me blurs the lines between humour and horror 2. Write a PEAR paragraph for the point you were most convinced by. EMBED your evidence and use a key term in your analysis

P 47 – The Map-Woman 1. What technique is introduced A woman's skin was a map of the town here? What effect does it have? where she'd grown from a child. When she went out, she covered it up 2. What comment might Duffy be making about the way women with a dress, with a shawl, with a hat, with mitts or a muff, with leggings, trousers dress/are expected to dress in public? or jeans, with a an ankle-length cloak, hooded 3. What is the effect of the listing and fingertip-sleeved. But - birthmark, tattoo - here? the A-Z street-map grew, a precise second skin, 4. These two words are very different. broad if she binged, thin when she slimmed, How do they link/juxtapose? a précis of where to end or go back or begin. 5. What significance does the map have for the women, then?

To conclude… VS. In his Elegy XX, the poet John Donne (famously bawdy in his early years) compares his lover's body to undiscovered territory, using the metaphor of exploration to justify his sexual conquest of the beloved: License my roving hands, and let them go Before, behind, between, above, below, O, my America, my Newfoundland So…how could Duffy’s poem be considered a subversion of Donne’s idea? - Is the woman’s map for others? - Is there any mystery in Duffy’s poem?

Objectives: - to expand our knowledge of poetic terminology - to begin to make comparisons and connections between poems

To begin… You have 5 MINUTES to try to fill in the first section of your glossaries (allegory – compound adjective) Easy? Try to add some EXAMPLES to each definition Really stuck? Ask me for some mixed up definitions that you can match up…

ALLEGORY – COMPOUND ADJECTIVE • A pause in a line of verse dictated by sense or natural speech rhythm rather than by metrics. • The representation of abstract ideas or principles by characters, figures, or events in narrative • An indirect reference • Employed in conversational or informal language but not in formal speech or formal writing • Two hyphenated words that contribute to a description • The repetition of identical or similar vowel sounds, often in the middle of words • The repetition of the same sounds or of the same kinds of sounds at the beginning of words or in stressed syllables • Words and language that were once in regular use but are now relatively rare and suggestive of an earlier style or period. • An expression which has become overused to the point of losing its original meaning or effect • Unrhymed verse having a regular meter, usually of iambic pentameter. • Uncertainty as regards interpretation • Narrative poetry, with a rigid, usually rhyming structure

Evidence race! In pairs, go around the room and find evidence for the following: Idea An ominous reference to death on her living body A juxtaposition of external force and personal powerlessness Imagery of the 1960 s British ‘everytown’ Sibliance suggesting a desire for purgation An image of permanence and/or pain Synaesthesia A metaphor connoting preciousness An allegory for patriarchal suppression Dark humour An oxymoronic description of sounds An ambiguous list to describe her skin Evidence Analysis

Writing a comparative PEAR – true or false? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. You should only ever talk about one poem in each paragraph You need to include evidence from both poems You can find a link or establish a difference between the poems You do not need to do as much close analysis when comparing Your topic sentence should give away your comparative idea You can compare audience response/poets’ tone/structure as well as language/themes 7. Higher grade responses will acknowledge subtle distinctions between poems

Eat me v The Map Woman In pairs, find two lines to use (1 from each poem) to illustrate these connections: 1. Both poems denounce the idea that a woman’s body should be an object of pleasure for others 2. Both poems use biblical imagery, alluding to the fall and original sin 3. Both poems use descriptive detail to captivate their readers Now – choose one to turn into a PEA – you already have your topic sentence!

HOMEWORK: 1. ENSURE that you have thoroughly completed your table on the ‘Map Woman’ 2. COMPLETE a comparative PEA on the two poems studied so far