Queens University Belfast Crest Coat of Arms Emblem

Queen’s University Belfast Crest; Coat of Arms; Emblem

Queen’s University Belfast Lanyon Building

A model approach to metals Wei SHA Professor of Materials Science http: //space. qub. ac. uk: 8077/cber/Sha

Computer software systems Predicting microstructures Predicting properties Predicting the effect of metal processing

Modelling methodologies 1) The Johnson-Mehl-Avrami method and its adaption to continuous cooling and heating 2) Finite element method 3) Phase field method 4) Atomistic simulation 5) Neural network method 6) Surface engineering products Sha, Malinov, Titanium alloys: Modelling of microstructure, properties and applications

Neural network Natural Neuron Neural Network The human brain contains 1010 – 1011 neurons Sha, Malinov, ASM Handbook, 22 A, 2009, 553 Artificial Input Layer Hidden Layer Output Layer

Titanium alloy Phase transformation Sha, Malinov, Titanium alloys: Modelling of microstructure, properties and applications

Example of simulation and monitoring Nucleation and growth of the a phase in Ti 6242 Furnace Time-temperature path In-situ monitoring The Model Sha, Malinov, Titanium alloys: Modelling of microstructure, properties and applications

Titanium aluminide Transmission electron microscopy and analysis Sha, Malinov, Titanium alloys: Modelling of microstructure, properties and applications

Titanium aluminide Phase field computer simulation Sha, Malinov, Titanium alloys: Modelling of microstructure, properties and applications

Industrial applications Gas nitriding of titanium alloys μ Titanium alloys: Modelling of microstructure, properties and applications. Sha, Malinov

Industrial applications Optimization of the alloy composition Find Optimisation Criteria Alloy composition with max strength at 420°C Fix Loops for Heat Treatment Trained Neural Network Heat treatment = Annealing T = 420°C Sn, Cr, Fe, Si, Nb, Mn = 0; O = 0. 12 Loops for Temperature Loops for Alloy Composition Solution Sha, Malinov, ASM Handbook, 22 A, 2009, 553 Vary Al, Mo, Zr, V Solution Al = 5. 8; Mo = 7. 3; Zr = 5. 2; V = 0 Tensile strength (420°C) = 932 MPa; Yield strength = 665 MPa; Elongation = 10%; Modulus of elasticity = 94 GPa; Fatigue strength = 448 MPa; Fracture toughness = 101 MPa m 1/2

Nickel-phosphorus deposits As-deposited 400 C 800 C • Chemical vessels and valves • Coaxial electrical connectors • Waveguide components (guide electromagnetic or sound) • Worm feed shafts • Airframes • Textile machinery Sha, Wu, Keong, Electroless copper and nickel-phosphorus plating

Electroless copper Printed circuit boards (PCB) Sha, Wu, Keong, Electroless copper and nickel-phosphorus plating

Industrial applications Centrifugal casting of composite International Conference on Composites and Nanocomposites, 2011, India

Industrial applications Si. C particle distribution during casting of Al alloy radius r 0 s radius r 15 s vol. fraction radius r 5 s radius r 20 s vol. fraction radius r 10 s vol. fraction 25 s, completed International Conference on Composites and Nanocomposites, 2011, India

Industrial applications Hot spot and gas cavity in centrifugal casting Hot spot Gas cavity International Conference on Composites and Nanocomposites, 2011, India

Gasar Gas-reinforced metals Drenchev, Sobczak, Malinov, Sha, Materials Science and Technology, 22, 2006, 1135