Quantitative Traits Mendelian Genetics of Quantitative Traits Quantitative
- Slides: 58
Quantitative Traits
Mendelian Genetics of Quantitative Traits
Quantitative Results for Nicotiana longiflora
Diopsids - Stalk-eyed Flies (Cyrtodiopsis dalmanni) • Wilkinson, Amitin & Johns Integr. Comp. Biol. , 2005
QTL mapping: Mimulus phylogeny
QTL mapping: Mimulus hybrids
Characteristics M. Cardinalis M. Lewisii Purple pigment high low Yellow pigment high low Lateral petal width high low Corolla width low high Corolla projected area low high Upper petal reflexing high low Lateral petal reflexing high low Stamen length high low Pistil length high low Corolla aperture width low high Corolla aperture height high low Pollinator attraction Pollinator reward nectar volume Pollinator efficiency
Bradshaw, et al. 1998
QTL mapping: predictions
Selection gradients
Skypilots
Heritability of flower size 1/2 h 2=0. 5
Relative fitness
Selection gradient = slope Selection gradient = 0. 13 S (selection differential) = selection gradient*variance S = 0. 13*5. 66 mm = 0. 74 mm S = 0. 74 mm/14. 2 mm mean flower size = 0. 05
Expected R = h 2 S = 1 x 0. 05 = 0. 05 Observed = 9% larger
Heritability of abdominal bristles in D. melanogaster Clayton, et al. 1957
• • Flies with >22 bristles bred to create generation 2 Mean bristle number G 1 = 19. 3 Mean bristle number of selected G 1 = 22. 7 Mean bristle number G 2 = 20. 1
G 1 n = 115; mean bristle number = G 1 selected n = 22; mean bristles = 22. 7 G 2 n = 101; mean bristles = 20. 1 = 2221/115 = 19. 3
h 2 =
Rough-skinned Newts
Rough-skinned Newts
Broad-nosed Pipefish
Broad-nosed Pipefish
Survival (%) Frequency
Side-blotched Lizards • Sinervo & Lively, 1996
Frequency of Male Morphs 0. 8 0. 7 Frequency of Morph 0. 6 0. 5 0. 4 0. 3 0. 2 0. 1 0 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995
Damselfly penis
African Widow Bird • Andersson (1982), Nature
Male tail treatments Extra-pair copulations/hr Shortened Control 1 Control 2 Elongated By males 0 0. 04 By female partners 0. 36 0. 014 0. 017 0
Table 10. 3 Fitness of lang-call vs. short-call Fitness measure High Food Low Food Larval growth LC better Time to metamorphosis LC better NSD Mass at metamorphosis NSD Larval survival NSD Postmetamorphic growth NSD LC better
Direct Benefits resource acquistion • Proc. R. Soc. Lond. , 1994
Xiphophorus phylogeny
Run Away Sexual Selection
Diopsids - Stalk-eyed Flies (Cyrtodiopsis dalmanni) • Wilkinson, Amitin & Johns Integr. Comp. Biol. , 2005
Run Away Sexual Selection
No. surviving
Reduced Egg Investment Can Conceal Helper Effects in Cooperatively Breeding Birds A. F. Russell, 1, 2*† N. E. Langmore, 3 A. Cockburn, 3, 4 L. B. Astheimer, 5 R. M. Kilner 6* Cooperative breeding systems are characterized by nonbreeding helpers that assist breeders in offspring care. However, the benefits to offspring of being fed by parents and helpers in cooperatively breeding birds can be difficult to detect. We offer experimental evidence that helper effects can be obscured by an undocumented maternal tactic. In superb fairy-wrens (Malurus cyaneus), mothers breeding in the presence of helpers lay smaller eggs of lower nutritional content that produce lighter chicks, as compared with those laying eggs in the absence of helpers. Helpers compensate fully for such reductions in investment and allow mothers to benefit through increased survival to the next breeding season. We suggest that failure to consider maternal egg-investment strategies can lead to underestimation of the force of selection acting on helping in avian cooperative breeders. • Science, 2007
Male Sex Ratio Bias • 2000 “By participation in social thermoregulation, subordinate males may repay part of the investment they received from their parents and thus become less costly to produce. ”
Male Sex Ratio Bias • PNAS, 2005
Altruistic Cannibalism? B=2 C=0
Brood Parasitism
Brood Parasitism
Reciprocal Altruism
- Family resemblance test
- Eslkidstuff
- Chapter 10 section 2 mendelian genetics answer key
- Mendelian genetics
- Extending mendelian genetics answer key
- Color blindness punnett square
- Carrier female genotype
- Polygenic inheritance definition biology
- Extending mendelian genetics
- Mendelian genetics punnett square
- Mendelian genetics
- Pprr x pprr punnett square
- Mendelian genetics concept map
- Chapter 7 extending mendelian genetics answer key
- Co doninance
- Section 11-3 exploring mendelian genetics answers
- Is baldness a sex linked trait
- Mendelian genetics vocab
- Section 11-3 exploring mendelian genetics
- Mendelian genetics vocabulary
- Section 11-3 exploring mendelian genetics
- Mendelian laws
- Section 11-3 exploring mendelian genetics
- Section 11-3 exploring mendelian genetics answer key
- Incomplete vs codominance
- Horse xnxn
- Mendelian traits
- Mendelian traits
- Qualitative traits vs quantitative traits
- Qualitative traits vs quantitative traits
- Inheritance of quantitative traits
- Parent offspring regression
- Probability laws govern mendelian inheritance
- Mendelian ratios
- Mendel
- Mendelian principles
- Non mendelian law
- Mendelian pattern of inheritance
- Non mendelian inheritance
- Dominant epistasis example
- Mendelian
- Cystic fibrosis mendelian inheritance
- Difference between mendelian and chromosomal disorders
- Drug
- H antigen
- Pewarisan sifat non mendelian
- Autosomal dihybrid cross
- Classical genetics subtopics
- Non mendelian law
- Dominant genetic variance
- Quantitative and qualitative traits
- Genetics with a smile
- Multiple alleles
- Nature review genetics
- Blue eyed father brown eyed mother
- Duchenne muscular dystrophy mode of inheritance
- Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis
- Genetics
- Genetics