Qualitative Data Analysis What is qualitative analysis n

Qualitative Data Analysis

What is qualitative analysis? n It is the non-numerical examination and interpretation of observations. n Theorizing and interwoven. n The primary activity of analysis is the search for patterns and explanations for those patterns. n The writing process itself is significant for structuring analysis are tightly

Some approaches to qualitative analysis n Grounded Theory – (Glaser and Strauss) – Begins with hypotheses observations and no preconceived – Seeks to discovers patterns in the data. n Semiotics – search for meaning generation of “signs” – (photos, particular dress i. e. baggy pants, phrases: “feminist”) – approach often used in content analysis (ads)

n Conversation Analysis – structure and norms around language and attached significance and meaning. – attention to pauses, tone, stuttering etc.

The Process n Data Collection and Transcription n Data Reduction – Coding – Memos n Anticipatory data reduction – decisions of what to ask and not ask n Concept Mapping (Data Displays) n Writing as analysis

Techniques of Coding n Color Coding n Writing n Word in Margins Processing Programs n Qualitative Data Analysis Programs

Recording and Managing Qualitative Data n Before data can be analyzed, they must be recorded and then gathered together into a form that makes analysis possible. n Data can be recorded in text form, by audio- or videotape, photographically, and by memory. n Each recording process has its advantages and disadvantages. n Sometimes sacrifice comprehensiveness and accuracy in favor of recording in a way that is least disruptive of participants.

n Managing qualitative data can be overwhelming at times. – As tapes, transcripts, and field notes accumulate, keeping track of everything can be daunting. n Making detailed lists of participants' pseudonyms, along with the dates of their interviews, the date transcription was completed, and so on will help keep your data orderly. n Create a file system early on so that you don't drown in piles of paper. n There is qualitative data analysis software.

Analyzing Qualitative Data n There are some generic strategies that are part of almost every approach to data analysis. – immersion in the data – doing preliminary and informal analysis – making analytic memos – finding codes or themes – connecting the codes or themes into categories – searching for confirming and disconfirming evidence – building a conceptual framework that explains the findings