q Raw Materials q Supplementary Materials q Semimanufactured

新采购管理实务 采购物品的分类 q原材料 （Raw Materials） q补助材料 （Supplementary Materials） q半制品 （Semi-manufactured Products） q零件 （Components） q成品 （Finished Products） q投资商品或资财设备 （Investment goods or Capital Equipment） 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载

新采购管理实务 PARADIGM IN OEM SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIP NEW Paradigm OLD Paradigm q. Quick response / agility q. Stable supply / availability q. Total ownership cost q. Component price q. Strategic partnership q. Buyer / Seller relationship qwith variety of suppliers q. Economy of scale q. Transaction-based interface q. Reacting q. Firm order with long LT DRIVER Introductio n of BTO model qwith selected suppliers q. Economy of conjunction q. Information sharing & collaboration q. Proacting q. BTO with short LT 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载

新采购管理实务 采购角色的认知 传 统 未 来 采购功能 (Purchasing) 货源搜寻 (Sourcing) 物料需求 (Material Requisition) 顾客需求 (Customer Requirements) 供应厂商 (Vendors) 外部资源 (External Resources) 价格第一 (Price) 利润第一 (Bottom Line 官僚架构 (Bureaucracy) 敌对关系 (Adversarial Relationship) 压迫降价 (Pressure Tactics) Contribution) 竞争优势 (Competitive Advantage) 策略联盟 (Strategic Alliance) 联合成本管理 (Joint Cost 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载 Management)

新采购管理实务 供货商先期参与 Early Supplier Involvement ESI F A practice that brings together one or more selected suppliers with a buyer's product design team early in the product development process. The objective is to utilize the supplier's expertise and experience in developing a product specification that is de? ? ? � 供應商先期參與 (Early Supplier Involvement, ESI) 是在規格開發的過程初期，邀請 一個或多個經過篩選的供應商，參與買方的產品設計 小組的做法。供應商先期參與的目的，是在運用供應 商的專業知識以及經驗，來共同設計開發出符合可有 效製造的產品規格。 - NAPM Glossary of Key Purchasing Terms 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载

新采购管理实务 采购人员应具备之能力条件 稳健的判断力（Soundness of Judgment） 分析力 （Analytical Ability） 决策能力（Decision-Making Ability） 善于管理供货商之关系（Management of Supplier Relations） 正直操守（Ethical Conduct） 人际关系（Interpersonal Relations） 沟通能力（Ability to Communicate） 主动性（Initiative） 创造力（Creativity） 弹性（Flexibility） Pur Skills 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载

新采购管理实务 采购供应管理的循环 Establish and Leverage a World-class Supply Base III II Develop Commodity/Article Group Strategies I Develop and Manage Supplier Relationships Integrated, Aligned and Global Insourcing/ Outsourcing IV Integrate Suppliers. V Into the new Product/Process Develop Process VIII Integrate Suppliers. VI Into the new Product/Process Develop Process Manage Costs Strategically across The Supply Chain Supplier Development and Quality Management VII 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载

新采购管理实务 采买策略… Buying Strategies 1. 2. 3. 4. Hand-to-mouth buying 捉襟见肘 Buying to requirements 按需求采买 Forward buying 提前采买 Speculative buying/volume purchase agreements 投机采购/量购合约 5. Life-of-product supply 产品寿命供应 6. Just-In-Time 实时交货制度 7. Consignment 寄库供应 8. Commodities 商品 9. Supplier replenishment systems 补货系统 10. Outsourcing 外包采买 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载

新采购管理实务 计算机化的材料管理系统 Using department Computer Printed purchase requisition MRP schedule Hand-written requisition Review by materials planner Review by buyer Buyer changes Requisition entry Revised requisition Computer Purchase Order and acknowledgment form Purchase order copies 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载

新采购管理实务 采购组织结构 采购机制的组织与地点依业务特性与状况因素 而定… q. Decentralized Purchasing Structure q. Centralized/Decentralized Structure q. Line-Management Organization q. Pooling Structure üVoluntary Co-ordination üLead Buyership üLead Design Concept q. Cross-Functional Sourcing Teams 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载

新采购管理实务 F F Learning Curve Theory 如果生产数量每加倍一次，每一千个的 时就降低 10%，我们说这是「90%的学习曲线」，如果每一千个 的 时能够降低20%，则我们说这是「80%的学习曲线 」 Example: 90% Learning Curve Data Unit Produced Labor Hours required Cumulative Labor Hours Average Labor Hours / Unit 1 st 100 100 2 nd 80 180 90. 0 3 rd 74 254 84. 7 4 th 70 324 81. 0 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载

新采购管理实务 Life-Cycle Costing 产品生命周期成本 法 F F LIFE-CYCLE COSTING - A cost-analysis tool that incorporates the purchase price of a piece of equipment and all operating and related costs over the life of the item; including, but not limited to maintenance, downtime, energy costs, as well as salvage valu? ? ? � 产品生命周期成本法 – 一个成本分析的 具，不但分析公司设备 的采购价格，也分析其使用年限间的运作及相关成本，包括维修、 停机时间、能源成本等、以及废物利用的价值。生命周期成本法运 用在资产设备类采购，属于整体拥有成本的一个概念。 #104: Perform cost/benefit analyses on planned acquisitions. ; C. P. M. Module: 1 #110: Evaluate competitive offerings to determine the overall best offer for a product/service. ; C. P. M. Module: 1 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载

新采购管理实务 整体拥有成本 Total Cost of Ownership - TCO 報廢成本 Disposal Cost 購入成本 First-in Cost: Cost of sourcing Negotiated price Transportation cost Inspection cost Start-up cost Life Cycle Cost 營運成本 In-House Cost: 生命週期成本 F F F F Storage cost Operating cost Maintenance cost Total Cost of Ownership TCO 整體擁有成本 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载

新采购管理实务 Example: Capital Equipment and TCO 1. These are total cost of ownership calculations for the purchase of a large photocopier. 2. The cost factors selected as relevant include payment structure, trade-in value of existing copier, transportation, rigging and installation, operator training, service and maintenance, supplies, and spare parts. 3. The copier will service a large corporate administration center with an anticipated volume of onehalf million copies per month. The estimated useful life of the copier is five years. Expense Category Financials: List price Trade-in value Payment structure (Interest - Depreciation) (Depreciation = Straight line 5 yrs) Onetime expenses: Cost Total $100, 000 -20, 000 14, 500 Transportation (700 lbs. ) 450 Rigging and installation 300 Operator training (@ $150/hr. ) 750 Ongoing expenses: Service and maintenance($10 k/yr. ) Supplies(paper, toner, etc. ) Spare parts(drums, rollers, etc. ) Total Cost of Ownership Cost Per Copy 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载 45, 000 280, 000 50, 000 $471, 000 1. 682 cents

新采购管理实务 对报价供货商能力与责任的审核 Offeror capability/offeror responsibility q 过去的绩效 Past performance q 财务状况 Financial factors q 运输条件 Transportation q 产能 Capacity terms ü International transportation q 技术 Skills terms q 商业道德 Integrity q 经营本业的时间 Time in business/market ü Domestic transportation terms q 材料的可取得性 Availability q 交货期/交货前置时间 q 获得的认证与执照 Certification and licensing Leadtime q 货物运输的特殊要求 Logistical concerns 来自www. cnshu. cn 中国最大的资料库下载