Q 1 Define Fortis and Lenis Given examples

Q. 1 Define Fortis and Lenis. Given examples per each. fortis /ˈfɔːrtɪs / Is strongly articulated (of a consonant), hence voiceless. Lenis /ˈliːnɪs/ Is weakly articulated (of a consonant), hence voiced; especially as compared to the others of a group of homorganic consonants. V. L fortis Lenis / p / / b / / t / / d / / k / / g / V.

Examples /p/ /t/ /k/ /b/ lip → /lip/ ten → /tʰɛn/ call → /kʰɔːl/ tea → /tiː/ /d/ bed → /bed/ /g/ good → /ɡʊd/

Q. 2 What the difference between phonemically and phonetically transcription ? - phonetic transcriptions deal with phones or sounds, which can occur across different languages and speakers of these languages all over the world. On the other hand, phonemic transcriptions deal with phonemes, which can change the meaning of the words in which they are contained if replaced; for example, /bɪt/ and /pɪt/. -Phonetic transcriptions provide more details on how the actual sounds are pronounced, while phonemic transcriptions represent how people interpret such sounds. -We use square brackets to enclose phones or sounds and slashes to enclose phonemes. So, for instance, it would be incorrect to place the aspirated allophone of the phoneme "t" between slashes--it should go inside square brackets because it's not a phoneme (which means that its omission wouldn't change the meaning of the word that contains it)

Transcribe and analyze the following phonemically and phonetically Words Phonemically Phonetically Analysis Make /meɪk/ [meɪk] [ k ] is un-released because it’s becoming in final position. start /stɑːt/ [stɑːt] [t] is un-aspirated because it’s becoming after the sound / s / treat / t r iː t / [ tʰ r iː t ] [ tʰ ] is aspirated because it’s initially sound. clock /klɒk/ [kʰ lɒk] [ kʰ ] is aspirated because it’s initially sound. lamp /læmp/ [læmp] [ p ] is un-released because it’s becoming in final position.

Words Phonemically Phonetically Analysis bed /bɛd/ [bɛd] Not found group /ɡruːp/ [ɡruːp] [ p ] is un-released because it’s becoming in final position. pick /pɪk/ [pʰ ɪk] [ pʰ ] is aspirated because it’s initially sound date /deɪt/ [deɪt] [ t ] is un-released because it’s becoming in final position. pupil / pʰ juː p ɪ l / [ pʰ juː p ɪ l ] [pʰ ] is aspirated because it’s becoming initially people /ˈpiːpəl/ [ˈpʰ iːpəl] [ pʰ ] is aspirated because it’s becoming initially

Write the allophone of : /z/- /g/ - /p/ /z/ use /ju: z/ - [ ju: z] /g/ game /ɡeɪm/ - [ ɡeɪm ] /p/ pot /pɒt/ - [ pʰɒt ]