Putting RDA Resource Description and Access into context

Putting RDA: Resource Description and Access into context 1. FRBR: Functional requirements for bibliographic records Alan Danskin Data Quality & Authority Control Manager CA&D

Terminology IME – ICC International Meeting of Experts on an International Cataloguing Code n Reviewing and updating the Paris Principles FRBR – Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records n IFLA working group recommended conceptual model (1997) FRAD - Functional Requirements for Authority Data n IFLA working group report to be published 2008 FRSAR n Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Records (in progress) 2

Introduction n RDA will replace AACR 2 from 2009 n RDA is based on the FRBR and FRAD Models n A model is a way of looking at problems in the real world and n Identifying and defining the things that are important (entities) n Identifying and defining the significant relationships between these entities n Identifying and defining the attributes that characterise the entities n A conceptual model helps to develop understanding of the real world n A model can be implemented in different ways. n Consistency with a model facilitates interoperability between implementations 3

“The highest principle for the construction of cataloguing codes should be the convenience of the users of the catalogue. ” Guiding principle for the International Cataloguing Code being developed by IFLA 4

Resource Discovery Technology 5

Guard books 6

Card Catalogue 7

Proliferation of carriers TI F F M PE . w av G L M X 8

Limitations of the OPAC “Flat” data structure Restrictive Inflexible display Metadata underexploited Changing user perspectives 9

Well, for goodness sake…! The UKMARC Manual: Reference From a Personal Name. . . Tolkien, JRR (John Ronald Reuel), 18921973. Lord of the rings. 2 The two towers See Tolkien, JRR (John Ronald Reuel), 1892 -1973. . 10

Title The best of ’Private Eye’. 1976: Lord Gnome of the Rings. Publisher/year London : Private Eye Productions : Deutsch, 1976. Physical descr. [95]p. : ill. , 1 port. ; 22 cm. 11

Spin-offs from the films Books about Lot. R / Critical studies 12

More critical works, spin-offs, etc. 13

At last! Hungarian translation 14

Score for a musical 15

9, 410, 000 HITS! 16

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What is FRBR? IFLA’s Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) User tasks n Find; Identify; Select; Obtain Conceptual model n Entities, Relationships, Attributes Mandatory elements for a national level bibliographic record First part of a comprehensive conceptual model n FRAD = Functional requirements for authority data n FRSAR = Functional requirements for subject authority records n FRBRoo = FRBR Object Oriented Model a formal expression, developed with 22 Museum community

User tasks To Find materials corresponding to stated search criteria (e. g. by an author, on a topic, etc. ). To Identify an item as being that sought or to distinguish between two items with the same title To Select an item appropriate to the user’s needs (e. g. a specific edition, a version in a specific language, or format). To Obtain the item (by purchase, request for loan, or access to an on-line resource. 23

User tasks To Find materials corresponding to stated search criteria (e. g. by an author, on a topic, etc. ). To Identify an item as being that sought or to distinguish between two items with the same title To Select an item appropriate to the user’s needs (e. g. a specific edition, a version in a specific language, or format). To Obtain the item (by purchase, request for loan, or access to an on-line resource. To Relate one entity to another to enable navigation within the universe of entities 24

FRBR vocabulary That’s a good book… n It’s just the right size to prop up my desk ITEM n I must get it! MANIFESTATION n Has it been translated? EXPRESSION n Who wrote this book? WORK 25

Work Expression Manifestation The “idea” of The Lord of the Rings: e. g. , the novel; the “movie”; the score. The realisation of The Lord of the Rings in one or more modes of expression: e. g. “English text”, “French translation”, “performance”, the director’s cut. The embodiment of The Lord of the Rings: e. g. CD audio book ISBN-13: 978 -0007141326 ; or Audio Cassette ISBN 0007127448 Item An exemplar of a manifestation of, “The Lord of Group 1 entities the Rings”, e. g. : My copy!. 26

Work Boris Godunov by Modeste Mussorgsky Expression the 1869 version, the 1872 version, recorded performances of each of these versions Manifestation Item a single 1998 Polygram release of a recording of the 2 versions by the conductor Valery Gergiev the actual CDs held at the Bn. F with call number SDC 12 116200 Group 1 entities 27

Group 1 Entities’ Attributes Work n ID n Title n Date n etc. Expression n ID n Title n Form n Date n Language n etc. Manifestation n ID n Title n Statement of responsibility n Edition n Imprint (place, publisher, date) n Form/extent of carrier n Terms of availability n Mode of access n etc. Item n ID n Provenance n Location n etc. 28

Group 2 and 3 Entities Group 2 Group 3** Person Concept Corporate Body Object Family* Place Event *Introduced by FRAD (Functional Requirements for Authority Data) ** Further development by FRSAR 29

Relationships are important They support navigation and display Relationships can exist between entities within a group Relationships can exist between groups. Relationships can exist between entities at the same level of at different levels. There are different types of relationships Hierarchies are an efficient way of recording information 30

Group 1 Entities 31

Relationship e. g. Bored of the rings Work whole/part e. g. Lotr / The two towers Work Expression Relationship e. g. review Relationship e. g. translation Group 1 entities 32

Relationships Group 1 & Group 2 Work Expression FRBR Manifestation Item is owned by is produced by Person is realized by is created by Corporate Body many 33

Group 2 Entities Lord of the rings Expression FRBR Manifestation Item is owned by is produced by J. R. R Tolkien is realized by is created by Corporate Body many 34

Group 2 Entities Work French Translation FRBR Manifestation Item is owned by is produced by Francis Ledoux is realized by is created by Corporate Body many 35

Group 2 Entities Work Expression FRBR Le seigneur des anneux Item is owned by is produced by Person is realized by is created by Christian Bourgois many 36

Group 2 Entities Work Expression FRBR Manifestation YA. 1990. a. 19270 is owned by is produced by Person is realized by is created by many 37

DRAFT FRAD extension to FRBR Entities: Person Family Corporate Body Work Expression Manifestation Item Concept Object Event Place Name Identifier Access Point Rules Agency 38

Work has as subject Work Expression FRBR Group 3 Subject of Works Manifestation Item has as subject Person Corporate Body Concept Object has as subject Event Place many 39

Benefits of FRBR More flexible display n Stratification Improved navigation n Relationships More efficient circulation n Manifestation requesting More efficient cataloguing n Assembly of components 40

Search key: title = “Lord of the rings” The catalogue contains the following works with this title: Tolkien, J. R. R. The Lord of the Rings. [Novel] – 56 editions Clare, John. The Lord of the Rings. [Score] – 2 editions Oliver, Stephen. The Lord of the Rings. [Score] – 1 edition Tolkien, J. R. R. The Lord of the Rings. [Drawing] – 1 edition Resources about “The Lord of the Rings” = 44 41

You selected the novel: The Lord of the Rings / by J. R. R Tolkien Request Lord of the Rings in English or select from the list below: The work is also available in the following languages: Czech, [2] French, [5] German, [3] Italian, [1] Other, [3] 42

You selected the novel: The Lord of the Rings / by J. R. R Tolkien translated into Czech 1 2 43

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FRBR and RDA is based on the FRBR model RDA vocabulary is influenced by FRBR It is difficult to imagine that FRBR can be realised without RDA FRBR cannot be realised through RDA alone In the next session we will look more closely at: 46

BRILLIANT! TOO POWERFUL! TOO NEW!… … what exactly is an expression? how can one catalogue it? … Monograph Cataloguers SO WHAT? … NOTHING TO GET EXCITED ABOUT … we’ve been doing all this for some time now… Music Cataloguers Conclusions of the 2001 Report of the JSC Format Variation Working Group 47

New Books Taylor, Arlene (ed. ). Understanding FRBR: What It Is and How It Will Affect Our Retrieval Tools. Libraries Unlimited, 2007. ISBN 13: 9781591585091 ISBN 10: 1591585090 Robert Maxwell FRBR: A Guide for the Perplexed (Paperback) American Library Association. © 2008 ISBN-13: 978 -0 -8389 -0950 -8 ISBN-10: 0 -8389 -0950 -7 48

References IME ICC http: //www. ifla. org/VII/s 13/index. htm#IME-ICC FRBR Review Group http: //www. ifla. org/VII/s 13/wgfrbr/ FRBR Report http: //www. ifla. org/VII/s 13/frbr. pdf FRAD http: //www. ifla. org/VII/d 4/wg-franar. htm FRSAR http: //www. ifla. org/VII/s 29/wgfrsar. htm What is FRBR? A conceptual model for the bibliographic universe. / Barbara Tillett. 2003. http: //www. loc. gov/cds/downloads/FRBR. PDF 49