PURE SUBSTANCE AND MIXTURES MATTER Matter is anything
PURE SUBSTANCE AND MIXTURES
MATTER • Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space • Matter can be classified into 2 categories: • Pure substances • Mixtures
PURE SUBSTANCE • A pure substance is sample of matter that has definite chemical and physical properties such as appearance, melting point and reactivity • Always has the same properties no matter how much of the substance you have • Ex. Copper (element) and water (compound)
• 2 types of pure substances: • Elements: • Pure substance that can’t be separated into a simpler substance by physical or chemical means • Only contains one type of atom • Ex. Gold • Compounds (molecules): • Pure substance made up of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds • Made of elements in a specific ratio that is always the same • Has a chemical formula (H 2 O and CO 2) • Can only be separated by chemical means • Ex. water
MIXTURES • A mixture is a combination of 2 or more pure substances that are combined physically and not chemically • No chemical change takes place • Each item retains its properties in the mixture • They can be separated physically • Ex. Gold flakes in water
• Take a few minutes with your partner and think of other mixtures you come across
MIXTURES CONTINUED… • NOT pure substances • Do NOT have definite properties • Ex. A pizza can have different ingredients • Can be separated physically, but it’s not always easy • Ex. You can pick the ingredients off of the pizza if you want • Ex. Salt water • Mixtures can be heterogeneous or homogeneous
HETEROGENEOUS MIXTURE • Does not have a uniform composition • Ex. A scoop of dirt may have different kinds of particles in it • 2 Types: • Suspension: Particles of a material are spread throughout a liquid or gas too large to stay mixed without being stirred or shaken. If the suspension sits, then it will settle. Ex. Snow globe • Colloid: Particles spread out like a gas. Small and don’t settle quickly. • Ex. Jello and milk
HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURE • Has a uniform structure • Ex. Sugar water has the same taste all throughout • Solutions: In a solution, one substance is dissolved in another substance • Ex. Salt water, tea, etc.
MATTER TREE MAP • Make a matter tree map on pg. ___ in your ISN
SOLUTIONS, SOLUTES AND SOLVENTS
FThese words need to be learned - however, be careful because they all sound pretty similar! FSolution - the mixture formed when a substance dissolves into another substance FSolute - the substance that dissolves FSolvent - the substance in the solution FDissolve (verb)- mixing of a substance in a liquid FSoluble (adjective)- the ability to dissolve (mix in a liquid) FInsoluble (adjective)- the inability to dissolve (mix in a liquid)
EXAMPLES OF SOLUBILITY… • Salt + Water • What is the solute, solvent and solution? • Is salt soluble in water? • Sand + water • What is the solute, solvent and
SATURATION POINT • If we keep adding salt to water, will the salt still dissolve? • A solution with the maximum possible amount of solute is saturated. If a solution contains less than the maximum amount of solute, it is unsaturated.
• Foldable
- Slides: 15