Pump and Haul Systems Nutrient Management Planner Certification

Pump and Haul Systems Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Remote Storage or Tankers can also be used. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Umbilical Hose Application Systems Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Incorporation reduces odor and conserves nitrogen. Ammonia losses can be reduced from 10 -30% to 1 -5% Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Sweep-Style Manure Injector No-till Manure Injector

Soybean Stubble in SC, Coastal Plain. Applied at 10, 000 gallons per hour. Sweep Injector Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program No-Till Injector

Calibration Liquid Manure Spreaders: n Spread at least one full load of waste, preferably in a square or rectangular field pattern for ease of measuring, with normal overlaps. n Measure the length and width of coverage, recognizing that the outer fringe areas of the coverage will receive much lighter applications than the overlapped areas. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Liquid Application Systems n Advantages n Disadvantages ä provide more transport mobility ä requires more time and labor than irrigation ä allow direct soil injection more flexibility can be less expensive ä higher tractor HP requirement if injecting ä require improved travel roads and proper soil trafficability higher operating costs ä ä ä Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Pump and Haul Waste Management Systems n Loading areas are necessary to: ä protect equipment and operators ä avoid damaging the lagoon dike or embankment n n Care should be taken to minimize spills during loading and transport. Calibration is the combination of settings and travel speed needed to apply waste at a desired rate and to ensure uniform application. You must know the spreader capacity. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Solids Application Common methods include: n Broadcast to surface n Broadcast/Incorp. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Spreader Calibration: n Do you know the rate? ä Clemson n Study How about the spreader pattern? Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Calibration of Manure Spreaders n Applicators can apply manure, bedding, and wastewater at varying rates and patterns, depending on: forward travel and/or PTO speed ä gear box settings ä gate openings ä spread widths ä overlaps ä Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Application Uniformity Undesirable Patterns Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program Desirable Patterns

BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES n n n Best Management Practices are practices determined to be cost effective methods of preventing or reducing NPS pollution. For waste management, they optimize nutrient uptake by plants and minimize nutrient impact on the environment. A trained agronomist, soil scientist, or conservationist is best qualified to assess whether a specific BMP is appropriate for a given site. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

BMPs? Erosion is the number one source of nonpoint source pollution in Georgia. BMPs should include erosion control to reduce movement of soil and nutrients. Sediment is a pollutant, sediment carries nutrients, and loss of top soil reduces nutrient use by crop. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

BMPs in CNMPs Table C 1 in Template recognizes many BMPs and lists twelve specifically. n You may add any others you like. n 1) Tissue Analysis/Plant Sampling n ä Good way to refine rate 2) Injection or incorporation n 3) Manure Treatments like Alum n Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

4) Conservation/Reduced Tillage Reduces runoff and sediment losses Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

BMPs 5)contour planting. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

6) Terraces or other water control structures Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

BMPs 7) Vegetated Waterways/critical area plantings: grassed waterways can reduce nutrient movement to ditches, streams, and rivers. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

8) Diversions/ Downslope retention Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

BMPs 9) Buffers Before Buffers filter/treat: - sediment - nutrients - pathogens After Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

9)filter strips can reduce surface movement of nutrients into nonagricultural land. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

BMP: 10) Winter Cover/Scavenger Crops n n n Protect soil from erosion over winter Crops scavenge residual nitrogen and phosphorus May be good crop to graze. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program No-till planting into winter cover

BMPs 11) Rotational Grazing Crop Management¾It is important to reduce application rates to account for cattle manure additions. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

12) Application Timing Windbreaks can reduce lagoon effluent and odor drift from land application sites. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

BMPs? n Animals with access to surface water can be a direct source of pollution. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Record keeping n Good records are essential: ä For regulations ä To protect yourself To improve over time ä n CNMPs are PLANS ä n n Records document actions Monitor, Correct, Document Computer record-keeping programs. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Required Records n The following records must be available at the farm to satisfy the Environmental Protection Division: ä By rules or permit ä Individual permits may differ ä Retain for three years ä Record who and when sampled ä Amend CNMP with substantive changes Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Annual Checklist & Log Manure storage not leaking n Manure spreading equipment/transport equipment okay. n Manure application according to plan n ä Update CNMP ä Totals for field budgets n Annual Report will require manure generated, offsite transport, acres used and reported in NMP and any spills Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Other records from NPDES permit n Inspections, findings, and maintenance ä Semi-annual lagoon effluent (TKN&NO 3) and monitoring wells (TKN, NO 3, depth) ä Annual P and p. H for each field ä Weekly lagoon and freeboard Daily rainfall and land application events n Response to spills (posting # req’d) n Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Lagoon Maintenance Inspections n When inspecting waste inlet pipes, recycling pipes, and overflow pipes, look for: ä separation of pipe joints ä cracks or breaks ä accumulation of minerals ä overall pipe condition n Record berm conditions and liquid levels Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Manure Application Records n Important notations: ä Date and time ä Field ID ä Source and quality ä Application rate and number of loads n For offsite situations record buyer, intended use, amount, and nutrient content. Also supply directions for use. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Record Keeping (Other req) n Document employee training. n Spill reporting may require BOD, TSS, and amount of discharge- be prepared. n Closure must be reported within three months. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Beneficial Records n The following records are not required but should be part of your CNMP: ä map of farm fields including waste application fields and acreage ä animal population ä crop yields and land application BMP’s ä water quality/ environmental assessments ä Calibration procedures and results Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Example Records for Liquid Manure Applications n IRR-1: Lagoon liquid irrigation field record is to be used to record each irrigation event. n IRR-2: Cumulative lagoon liquid irrigation field record is to record the total annual waste application to one field per crop cycle. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Similar Records for Slurry and Solid Manure Applications n SLUR-1 and SLUR 2: Liquid manure slurry field record is to be used to record each waste application event if the producer is using a slurry or pump and haul system. n SLD-1 & SLD-2: Solid manure Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Example Irrigation Records Using IRR-1 and IRR-2: n Joe Pigford maintains a 3000 head feeder-to-finish operation. n Estimated volume of lagoon liquid generated annually is approximately 2. 8 million gallons. n Waste analyses: ä February 8, 1996¾ 2. 5 lb PAN/1000 gal ä April 10, 1996¾ 2. 5 lb PAN/1000 gal Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Example Irrigation Records Using IRR-1 and IRR-2: n He irrigates two crops with wastewater using a traveling gun that applies 300 gpm. ä Tract T 1004: corn¾traveling gun pulls are considered Fields 1 to 4, 6 acres each. He wants to apply 100 lbs of PAN/acre. ä Tract T 1005: bermuda hay¾traveling gun pulls are considered Fields 5 and 6, which are 8 and 4 acres respectively. He wants to apply 300 lbs of PAN/acre. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Example n Joe’s Lagoon Liquid Irrigation Field Record (Form IRR-1) follows. n Transfer the information for Fields 1 and 5 each onto a separate Form IRR-2. n Complete the calculations to determine whether Joe has met his nitrogen requirement for his corn crop and bermuda hay. Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Review Controlling Runoff and Erosion is important because sediment is a pollutant, it carries nutrients, and degrades top soil. n Always apply manure when crops can use it. n Manure with highest nutrient content should go to fields furthest away. n Minimum records should include application date, nutrient content, amount applied, field, and weather conditions. n Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Review When choosing application equipment, consider nutrient losses, operating costs, uniformity of application, odor, and time of application. n Calibration can determine application rate, uniformity, and overlap and lane spacing. n Application rate is just the amount applied divided by the area it was applied to. n Surface applications of manure generally result in higher nutrient losses. n Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program

Review Record keeping can prevent problems, document compliance and improve efficiency. n Suggested records include application logs, rainfall, animal populations, storage inspections, equipment maintenance, and water quality data. n Application records should include soil and manure tests, yields, application information and budgets. n Transport should include amount sold, buyer, and nutrient content. n Nutrient Management Planner Certification Program