PUEBLO NATIVE AMERICANS SOUTHWESTERN CLIFF DWELLERS Morgan Francis

PUEBLO NATIVE AMERICANS SOUTHWESTERN CLIFF DWELLERS Morgan Francis Zoe Barnett-Ohori Stephanie Sievers

LOCATION Plateau of Colorado including: Northeastern Arizona Northwestern New Mexico

PUEBLO NATIVE AMERICANS Much of southern architecture and artwork remains Ø Pueblos maintained a peaceful relationship with settlers Ø “Rain Dance” Ø Honor the gods and pray for rain Created underground water systems Irrigated corn trade

“WOMEN WOULD PRODUCE AND MEN WOULD GROW CROPS” Ø Children: keep crows away and gather firewood Ø Men: hunting and offered prayers to god Ø Women: Brought life (fertility through ritual dances)

CAUSE OF POPULATION GROWTH Ø Ancient Pueblos Ø Climate Ø Regular rainfall Ø Agricultural innovations (food storage etc. ) Ø Increased fertility vs. decreasing mortality Ø Migration

COCHITI • Governed by council led by heads of religious society Cacique War Chief/Lieutenant War Chief Governor/Lieutenant Govenor Major Fiscale/ Lieutenant Fiscale Minor Officials • Politically autonomous

SOCIAL/VILLAGE SYSTEM BEFORE ØBuildings set up (religious, economic, political) ØClose with community ØAdobes ØClusters of properties surrounding community centers ØAdobe Housing

SOCIAL/VILLAGE SYSTEM AFTER Ø Needed more permanent housing Ø Moved further, presumably had friends or relatives elsewhere Ø Roads

RESOURCES/ECONOMY BEFORE Hunter gatherers, hunted, agriculture Ø Wove baskets Ø Corn was big in diet, water supply extremely good Ø Upset “delicate balance of human needs and available environmental resources” Ø Shelters safe from intrusion Ø

RESOURCES/ECONOMY AFTER Failure to rotate crops less fertile land Ø Drought Ø Family other places, inability to farm Ø Famine destroyed lifestyle Ø Needed more permanent housing for growing population Ø Cannibalism theory Ø

PUEBLO INDIANS VS. UNITED STATES (DIFFERENCES) Ø Ø Ø PUEBLO SOCIETY UNITED STATES SOCIETY Theocratic style of government Women in charge of home and family Men in charge of politics, agriculture, war One religion Nomadic hunter gatherers* Ø Ø Ø Democratic Republic government Shared responsibility Citizen responsibilities shared between men and women Multiple religions No need for hunting or gathering

PUEBLO INDIANS VS. UNITED STATES (SIMILARITIES) PUEBLO SOCIETY UNITED STATES SOCIETY ØDiverse ØExpected chores of children* ØNot one language is spoken ØHousing style (modern day apartments)

SOURCES http: //www 1. american. edu/ted/ice/anasazi. htm http: //www. pueblodecochiti. org/governmen t. html http: //www. britannica. com/EBchecked/topi c/482769/Pueblo-Indians