Public Speaking And Oral Reporting Business Communication Public

Public Speaking And Oral Reporting Business Communication

Public Speaking What is Public Speaking? Public Speaking is a ‘formal’ faceto-face communication method where a person(s) uses the medium of speech to Inform and/or Influence a group of listeners (an audience).

Public Speaking What skills are required for Public Speaking? The following three skills are required for effective Public Speaking… § Planning & Preparation § Positive Non-Verbal Communications § Confidence In this session we will be looking at… § The importance of Planning & Preparation for effective Public Speaking § The importance of Non-Verbal Communications for effective Public Speaking.

Planning & Preparation Public Speaking Time Allocation All Public Speaking activities require Planning & Preparation! 90% On Planning & Preparation 10% Before you can start to plan and prepare the message and the structure for your Public Speaking activity you will need to consider the… § Purpose § Audience on Delivery § Timings

Planning & Preparation Public Speaking can only inform and/or influence an audience if it is delivered in a structured way! The best way to ensure that your Public Speaking activity is structured is to plan & prepare notes that can be used as a guide when speaking. Your notes should be headings and key words bullet-point format and not a word for word script of everything you want to say.

Face-To-Face Communications Breakdown Non-Verbal Communication 70% Body Language 23% Voice Pitch &Tone 7% Words Used Public Speaking isn’t just about what you say; It’s also about how you say it! When undertaking any Public Speaking activity you need to be mindful of… § Your Posture & Body Movements § Your Facial Movements & Making Regular Eye Contact § Your Voice Pitch & Tone

Non-Verbal Communication Although planning and preparation are extremely important, all the planning and preparation in the world will not help if you are unable to project positive body language, and make effective use of the pitch and tone of your voice. Like in any face-to-face communications, Public Speaking isn’t just about what you say; It’s also about how you say it! The vast majority of the information we receive in face-toface communications in non-verbal sources. Around 70% of the information we receive in face-to-face communications comes from body language and around 23% comes from voice pitch and tone. Only around 7% of the information we receive in face-to-face communications comes from the words we say.

Non-Verbal Communication(contd. ) It is therefore essential that when you are undertaking any Public Speaking activity your are mindful of … § § § Your Posture & Body Movements Your Facial Movements & Making Regular Eye Contact Your Voice Pitch & Tone

Non-Verbal Communication Positive Examples Of Non-Verbal Communication Head Looking Up Negative Examples Of Non-Verbal Communication Head Looking Down A Smile A Frown Small Hand & Arm Gestures Exaggerated Hand & Arm Gestures Free Arms Folded Arms Keeping To One Area Of The Stage Wondering About The Stage Making Eye Contact With Various Members Of The Audience Only Focusing Your Eye Contact On One Or Two Members Of The Audience

THE THREE MAIN TYPES OF PUBLIC SPEAKING � Some people seem to be able to stand before a group and talk about anything at any time. Their speaking ease is due to a large extent to their understanding the different kinds of speaking tasks. Such speakers are familiar with each type of speech and know how different speeches are organized and delivered. You can learn this too. � All speeches fall into one of three categories: speeches that inform, persuade, or entertain

Three Types of Public Speaking 1. Speeches that inform • Explain • Report • Describe • Clarify • Define

Speeches that inform � Speeches that inform explain, report, describe, clarify, define and demonstrate � Such speeches can move an audience to action or belief � Their primary purpose is to present facts, details, and examples

2. Speeches that persuade Designed to convince or influence beliefs or attitudes

Speeches that persuade �Speeches that persuade are designed to convince and the goal is to influence the audience’s beliefs or attitudes �This can be accomplished by using your own credibility to strengthen your argument. Or you can appeal to your audience’s emotions, reason, or sense of right and wrong

3. Speeches that entertain Use humour to influence an audience Goal: to warm audience up

Speeches that entertain � Speeches that entertain use humor to influence an audience as in an after dinner speech. Once the audience is warmed up, one main idea is presented, still on a light note. � Note: This is the most difficult of all presentations because it requires great ease and elegance and depends to a large degree on the charisma of the speaker. � The three types often overlap. Therefore, it is important to isolate and understand the primary purpose of your talk before you start preparation

Three main speaking styles � Cool presenter � Hot presenter � Dull presenter

IDENTIFYING YOUR SPEAKING STYLE � Think of a speaker whom you will never forget. What is it about him or her that is so memorable? Then think of the worst speaker you ever heard. What did each person do or not do that turned you off? Your evaluations of such speakers likely fall into distinct categories. � Generally speaking there are three different presentation styles:

The Cool Presenter � The Cool Presenter captures the audience’s attention with clear-headed persuasiveness. � During her presentation things will be orderly and stay under control. � These presenters are usually on a mission and deliver their message with dramatic intensity. � They draw on facts and figures to substantiate what is being presented. � Adjectives describing this presenter are analytical, logical, deliberate, rational, intellectual and insightful.

The Hot Presenter � The Hot Presenter can blow the roof off a building. You will probably either like or dislike this presenter but no one ignores this kind. � Her presentations are fast and furious, and often delivered with rapid speech. � She runs on adrenaline and pushes passions to the limit. � The pause, the raising and lowering of her voice, her body movements are all dramatic and enhance the points made. � Hot presenters are emotional, driven, charismatic, impulsive, and daring.

Dull Presenters � Dull Presenters are afraid to take risks so they remain bland boring. � You’ve likely endured a boring speech at sometime. Dull presenters are safe but they don’t change much. Because they are so dull there is minimal risk and it is easily forgotten. � Dull seems to be the norm because so many people operate within those boundaries. � And few within an audience will tell a dull presenter that she is dull. � Dull presenters are cautious, predictable, ambivalent and boring.

Determination of presentation methods � In making a decision about your presentation method, you have to take into account several key aspects. � These include:

The facilities available to you by way of visual aids, sound systems, and lights. � Obviously you cannot use facilities that are not available. If you are told that you will need to present without a projector, you’re going to need to decide on a method that works without slides

The occasion � A formal conference of 200 people will require a very different approach from a presentation to your sixperson team. And a speech at a wedding is totally different again. Consider the norms of the occasion. For example, at a wedding, you are not expected to use slides or other visual aids.

The audience, in terms of both familiarity with you, and the topic � If it’s a small, informal event, you will be able to use a less formal method. You might, for example, choose to give your audience a one-page handout, perhaps an infographic that summarises your key points, and talk them through it. A more formal event is likely to need slides.

Your experience in giving presentations � More experienced presenters will be more familiar with their own weak points, and able to tailor their preparation and style to suit. However, few people are able to give a presentation without notes. Even the most experienced speakers will usually have at least some form of notes to jog their memory and aid their presentation.

Your familiarity with the topic � As a general rule, the more you know about it, the less you will need to prepare in detail, and the more you can simply have an outline of what you want to say, with some brief reminders.

Your personal preferences � Some people prefer to ‘busk it’ (or ‘wing it’) and make up their presentation on the day, while others prefer detailed notes and outlines. You will need to know your own abilities and decide how best to make the presentation. .

Your personal preferences(contd. ) � When you first start giving presentations you may feel more confident with more detailed notes. As you become more experienced you may find that you can deliver effectively with less