Public Involvement Public who Public Stakeholder Partner Client

Public Involvement • Public – who? – – – Public Stakeholder Partner Client: User/Visitor/Customer/Non-user/Agent See Kotler/Howard & Crompton Classification • Involvement – How, when , where, why, what, how much?

Transactive PI • Two-way communication, dialogue • Common ground, shared values • Mutual learning, increased understanding & ownership • Collaborative solutions

Principles • PI an integral part of planning process • Develop a PI Plan- Why, Who, What, When, Where, How much • Continuing participation – build relationships • Open and two way communication – informed inputs, documented responses

Why? • • • Improve decisions Inform various publics Build support & trust Understand your publics Collaborative solutions Partnerships

What? • • • Identify, clarify, prioritize issues Values, preferences, needs Goals & objectives Generate alternatives Evaluate Help implement

How? – PI Tools • • News letters/ releases, web sites Meetings, workshops, open houses Phone trees/contact lists, people database Kiosks Focus groups, Delphi, Nominal group tech. Advisory groups Comment, complaint boxes, Internet …

Where, When, How Much? Where? • My place or yours? • Internet, mass media, face-to-face, public or private gatherings When? • Early and throughout process • Convenience of the intended public How Much? • Benefit/Cost ratio

Publics/Market Segments • Input Publics – Support – Supplier – Employee • Output Publics – Consumers – Agents • Sanctioning publics – General, competitor, special, government

Market Segmentations • • Demographic/Socioeconomic Geographic Psychographic Product-related