PsychoSocial Reactive Psychogenic Dysfunctional Biological Endogeneous Psychophysiological Somatic

정신사회적, 생물학적 병인론 Psycho-Social Reactive Psychogenic (Dys-)functional Biological Endogeneous Psychophysiological Somatic Organic(*) - No pathognomic symptom profile

Level of consciousness • 의식(consciousness)의 개념 - alertness(arousal), attention, awareness • Confusion/clouding of consciousness/delirium * - 의식 수준이 내/외부 자극에 의해 동요 지남력 손상 주의 유지 손상(distractibility) 사고 방식: all or none, stereotypal cf) dementia with/without delirium • Stupor * • Coma *

행동 장애 • 정신운동성 지체(retardation)/격정(agitation) - 말과 행동 • 긴장 행동(catatonic behavior) * - Catatonic waxy flexibility - Catatonic rigidity - 명령자동증(command automatism) - 거부증(catatonic negativism) • 혼란 행동(disorganized behavior) • 강박 행동(compulsion)

사고 형태, 흐름의 장애 • • 우원증(circumstantiality)과 사고이탈(tangentiality) 사고 비약(flight of idea) Racing thought, pressured speech 연상의 이완(loosening of association)/지리멸렬 (incoherence)/말비빔(word salad) • 사고 두절(thought blocking) • 신어조작(neologism) • Perseveration * • Clang association *

정서의 장애 • 정동(affect) - brief, expressive, objective - restricted/blunted/flat affect - inappropriate/appropriate affect • 기분(mood) - sustained, pervasive, subjective - elated/depressive/irritability • Mood swing

병식 • 개념 : degree of personal awareness and understanding of illness • 수준 a. Complete denial of illness b. Slight awareness of being sick and needing help but denying it at the same time c. Awareness of being sick but blaming it on others, on external factors, on medical or unknown organic factors d. Intellectual insight e. True emotional insight

Syndorme, Disorder, & Disease • Syndrome - Set of sx/sn that co-occur at greater than chance frequency • Disorder - Syndrome + clinical course - Illness mechanism • Disease - Sx + pathology + pathophysiology + etiology