Psyc 552 Ergonomics Biomechanics Lecture 4 Ligaments Tendons

Psyc 552 Ergonomics & Biomechanics Lecture 4

Ligaments, Tendons, & Facia o Ligament: n Dense connective tissue that connects bone to bone. Image from: http: //www. spineuniverse. com/displayarticle. php/article 1268. html

Flexor Retinaculum 1 scaphoid 2 trapezium 3 pisiform 4 hamate Image from: http: //mywebpages. comcast. net/wnor/lesson 5 flexretinac&palmapon. htm

Tendons o Tendons n n n o Attach muscles to bones Are surrounded by a sheath called a synovium Synovial fluid facilitates gliding Fascia n Dense connective tissue that covers organs or parts of organs and separates them from each other.

Collagen fibers o o o Collagen fibers form both ligaments and tendons. In tendons, the fibers run parallel to one another In ligaments, the fibers are not parallel

Muscles o 3 types of muscles in the body n n n o Striated Cardiac Smooth Muscles consist of n n n Muscle cells 3 types of connective tissue… Nerve fibers

Muscle Connective Tissue Image from: http: //www. biology. eku. edu/RITCHISO/301 notes 3. htm

Muscle Fibers o Long multinuclear cylindrical cells composed of parallel myofibrils o Myofibrils n Composed of 2 sub units called myofilaments o o Myosin Actin

Image from: http: //users. rcn. com/jkimball. ma. ultranet/Biology. Pages/M/Muscles. html

Muscle Contractile Unit o Sacromere n The part of a cross-striated muscle fiber between the z-lines

Nervous Tissue Image from: vv. carleton. ca/~neil/neural/neuron-a. html

Nervous Tissue (cont) o Two branches n n o o Sensory Motor Nerves connect to muscles via the neuromuscular junction Nerve + muscle fiber = motor unit

Muscular Contraction Image from: www. accessexcellence. org/RC/VL/GG/muscle_Contract. html

Muscle Contraction (cont)

Energy for Muscles o Adenosine triphosphate ATP o Anaerobic metabolism o Aerobic metabolism