Prudence Dobel DEFINED ability to see and think
Prudence (Dobel) • DEFINED: ability to see and think clearly before acting -- judgment • LEADS TO EXCELLENT POLITICAL ACHIEVEMENT -- 4 aspects are: – – – Legitimacy Endurance Minimal unforeseen consequences Avoid violence/coercion --attention to timing – Example: Thurgood Marshall
Exemplary Public Administrators Book is about “moral exemplars” in public service – (Marie Ragghianti and William Ruckelshaus are 2 examples) Essential for society – Why?
Characteristics of the moral exemplar • 1. Moral character must be a constant aspect of personality, not just a sometime thing • 2. Exemplar must act intentionally and freely • 3. Exemplary must be relatively faultless, strive for virtue in most things • 4. Actions of exemplar must bring about concrete good in the world, even if it fails in the short term • 5. Exemplar must have some awareness of being an exemplar
• Moral episodes and moral processes • Episodes typically involve crises or confrontations, whereas moral processes go beyond individual episodes and refer to moral conduct in one’s everyday activities. • Episodes get more attention but moral processes are also important
Ruckleshaus • First head of the Environmental Protection Agency , also served as deputy Attorney General during the Watergate scandal. • EPA created 1970 by Nixon • Why was Ruckelshaus chosen? • First task = uniting new agency behind clear mission, relatively narrowly defined • Build base of support outside the admin.
Applied prudence Willing to make tough decisions But not dominated by his ideology • https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=c_8 Pt. IVp KCA
Marie Ragghianti Whistleblower who exposed Tenn. Gov. Ray Blanton’s “clemency for cash” in the late 1970 s (was put on Tenn. Board of Pardons and Paroles)
Everett Koop – Surgeon General
Ko et al. , “Ethical Leadership” Similar to the notion of “moral exemplars” but are concerned specifically with LEADERS of organizations and their impact on “followers” (more like Ruckelshaus than Ragghianti)
Ethical leadership • Defined: “demonstration of normatively appropriate conduct through personal actions and interpersonal relationships, and the promotion of such conduct to followers…” • Is associated with traits such as: Honesty… Integrity… Trustworthiness… Fairness … Power Sharing …People Orientation … Integrity …Ethical Guidance • But not just traits: also management style (setting an example through mode of communication and rewards)
Key= ethical leaders as role models (as do spiritual leaders, etc. ) Who is most likely to be perceived as an ethical leader? What personal traits are associated with (antecedents of) ethical leadership? - Agreeableness - Conscientiousness (being responsible, adhering to rules and norms) - Emotional stability
“Situational influences” on ethical leadership -Having had a career role model/mentor helps you become an ethical leadership in your organizatoin
Outcomes/results of ethical leadership?
Followers … - - Are more likely to speak up against wrongdoing (take action when something immoral is being done) have a more positive attitude toward work and the organization, more satisfied with work, are inspired and motivated, perform better, take more initiative, quit less often have better psychological outcomes (safety, well-being) Leaders are perceived as more professional and effective
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