Protists The first Eukaryotes Protist Characteristics 1 Domain

Protists The first Eukaryotes

Protist Characteristics 1) Domain: Eukarya n (have a nucleus) n 2) Most are unicellular n 3) None have true tissues n (so not plant, animal or fungi) n n 4) Animal-like, Plant-like or Fungus-like

Animal like Protists n Called Protozoans n Heterotrophs n Lack n Can cell walls and chloroplasts be grouped by locomotion

Locomotion of Animal-like Protists n 1) ciliates: move by cilia n 2) amoebozoans: move by pseudopods n 3) flagellates: move by flagella n 4) apicomplexans: non-motile (parasites) n

Ciliates All have many short hair-like cilia n Paramecium sp. n

A B C D E F H A) contractile vaculol n C) macronucleus n E) pellicle n G) oral groove n G B) food vacuole D) micronucleus F) cilia H) gullet

In your jar….

Amoebozoans Move by flowing cytoplasm into projections of cell membrane called pseudopods n false feet n Example: Amoeba n n Not in ecojars

Amoeba Structures to know n A) nucleus n B) contractile vacuole n C) food vacuole n D) pseudopod B C A D

Animal-like Flagellates Move with few long hair-like structures n No chloroplasts n Trypanosoma sp. cause sleeping sickness n n Tsetse fly vector

Giardia…. . hiker’s diarrhea

Apicomplexans n All are Parasites n Don’t move on their own n Are carried by a vector n Plasmodium sp. cause Malaria n live inside human Red Blood Cells

Plant-like Protists n Are photosynthetic & have chloroplasts May have accessory pigments that make them red, brown, or gold n Unicellular types called phytoplankton n plant floater n n Some are multicellular but lack tissues n May have flagella

Euglenophyta n Can do photosynthesis and act as heterotroph n Green but lack cell wall n Move with flagella n Spinning motion n Eyespot detects light

n A) flagella n B) eyespot n C) chloroplast Euglena A B C n D) nucleus n E) contractile vacuole D E

Diatoms n Golden-yellow Algae n Unicellular n 2 silica shells n Important in phytoplankton food chain n Move by squirting out water n Diatomaceous earth

Dinoflagellates Some have armor-like plates n Others are bioluminescent n Dinoflagellate blooms: n Caused by high N +P level n May result in Red tide n May result in Eutrophication p 127 n

Chlorophyta Green algae (chlorophyll) n Most similar to plants n Unicellular …Desmids n Multicellular…filamentous algae & volvox n

Brown Algae n Brown pigments absorb wavelengths of light that reach deeper into the water. Largest multicellular algae n Sargassum kelp n

Sargasso Sea

Red Algae Red pigments absorb wavelengths of light even deeper in the water. (green & blue) n Used to make thickeners & agar n Multicellular n

Fungus-like Protists Water molds n Slime molds n Major decomposers in forests and ponds n