Protists Simple Eukaryotes Domain Bacteria Regents Biology Domain
Protists Simple Eukaryotes Domain Bacteria Regents Biology Domain Archaebacteria Domain Eukaryotes 2006 -2007 Common ancestor
General characteristics § Classification criteria eukaryotes u not animal, plant or fungi u That’s more of what they’re not & not what they are! Regents Biology
Protist Diversity § A great variety in ways of life one-celled to many-celled u autotrophs (photosynthesis) to heterotrophs (have to eat) u asexual to sexual reproduction u pathogens to beneficial u sessile to mobile u Regents Biology
Mobility § How Protists move flagellum u cilia u pseudopod u Regents Biology
Protist Diversity § Animal-like Protists u heterotrophs, predators § Amoeba § Paramecium § Stentor Amoeba ingesting a Paramecium Regents Biology Paramecium with food vacuoles stained red
Protist Diversity § Plant-like Protists u autotrophs, photosynthesis § Euglena § algae § diatoms Regents Biology
Protist Diversity § Parasitic & pathogen Protists malaria u Giardia u trypanosomes u Plasmodium Giardia Regents Biology Trypanosoma
Protist Diversity § Beneficial & necessary Protists u phytoplankton § small algae + diatoms § much of the world’s photosynthesis § produces ~90% of atmospheric oxygen u zooplankton § heterotroph protists § key ecological role at base of marine food web Regents Biology
Kingdom: Fungi Eukaryotes Domain Bacteria Regents Biology Domain Archaebacteria Domain Eukaryotes 2006 -2007 Common ancestor
General characteristics § Classification criteria eukaryotes u heterotrophs u § must feed off of others u mostly multicellular § except one-celled yeasts u cell wall Regents Biology
Structure § Cells long thread-like cells u multiple nuclei u cell wall u § made from chitin w just like crab shells chitin cell wall septum pore nuclei Regents Biology
How do Fungi get their Nutrition? fungal cells § Heterotrophs secrete digestive enzymes u absorb digested material into cell u § predators plant cell membrane w paralyzing prey § parasites w feeding on living creatures § decomposer w breakdown dead remains Cool… Fungi live IN their food! Chocolate cake, Regents Biology anyone? plant cell wall
Ecological Roles § Decomposers u recycle nutrients § Symbiotic Relationships u lichen § fungi + algae § pioneer species in ecosystems § makes soil from bare rock u mycorrhizae § fungi + plants § enables plants to absorb more water Regents Biology
Mycorrhizae § Critical role in plant growth u extends water absorption of roots without mycorrhizae Regents. Endomycorrhiza Biology Ectomycorrhiza with mycorrhizae
Reproduction § Asexual u budding in yeast § Sexual u gills on mushroom spores § spread by wind spores on gills Regents Biology fungus growing in soil
Importance of fungi to humans § Food production bread u beer, wine u § Medicine production u antibiotics penicillin Regents Biology
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