PROTISTS PROTISTS unicellular single celled eukaryotic organisms PROTISTS

PROTISTS

PROTISTS unicellular (single celled) eukaryotic organisms

PROTISTS • Evolved about 2 billion years after monera • Characteristics in common with plantae, animalia, and fungi • Protista was created to have a place for all the “unclassified”

Where did protists come from? ENDOSYMBIOSIS HYPOTHESIS

ENDOSYMBIOSIS HYPOTHESIS 1 st eukaryotes were formed by the symbiosis of several prokaryotes

ENDOSYMBIOSIS HYPOTHESIS Proposed by Lynn Margulis

Hypothesis Endosymbiosis

3 TYPES OF PROTISTS • Animal-like • Plant-like • Fungi-like

Animal-like Protists

4 Phyla of Animallike Protists • Ciliophora • Zoomastigina • Sporozoa • Sarcodina

Ciliophora • Aka “cilliates” because they use cillia for movement. • Cillia are hair like projections that work like oars in the water • Example = paramecium

Paramecium

Zoomastigina • Move through the water using flagella • Flagella are long, whiplike projections (like the tail of a sperm)

Zoomastigina

Sporozoa • Non-motile (do not move) • All are parasitic • Reproduce using spores • Example: Plasmodium which causes malaria

Plasmodium falciparum

Sarcodina • Use pseudopods (false foot) for movement • Pseudopods are temporary projections of cytoplasm that help in movement and feeding • Example = amoeba

AMEOBA

Plantlike Protists

3 Phyla of Plantlike Protists • Euglenophyta • Pyrrophyta • Chrysophyta

Euglenophyta • Flagellates with Chloroplasts • Closely related to zoomastinans. • example = euglena

EUGLENA

Pyrophyta • Only eukaryote that does not have histones (proteins that tightly coil DNA) • Most are luminescent (give off light) • Example: Dinoflagellates

Dinoflagellates

Red Tide caused by dinoflagellates

Chrysophyta • Includes yellow-green algae, golden brown algae, diatoms • Example: Diatoms

DIATOM

Funguslike Protists

2 Phyla of Funguslike Protists Both are Slime Molds • Acrasiomycota: cellular slimemolds • Myxomycota: acellular slime molds

Acrasiomycota • AKA Cellular Slime Molds • Spend most of their lives as separate single-celled amoeboid protists • The individual cells may come together into a great swarm

Myxomycota • AKA plasmodial slime molds • Have 1 cell with thousands of nuclei

MYXOMYCOTA