Proteins Regents Biology 2006 2007 Proteins Examples u

Proteins: _____________ Regents Biology 2006 -2007

Proteins Examples u ______________________ § collagen, keratin u insulin pepsin ___________ § digestive enzyme in stomach u ___________ § hormone that controls blood sugar levels collagen (skin) Regents Biology

Proteins § Function: u many, many functions § ____________ w signals from one body system to another w insulin § ____________ w muscle § ____________ w protect against germs § ____________ w help chemical reactions Regents Biology

Proteins § Building block = _________ amino amino acid – acid u ____________ H O H | || —N— —C—C—OH | H variable Regents Biology group There’s 20 of us… like 20 different letters in an alphabet! Can make lots of different words

Amino acid chains § Proteins u amino acids chained into a polymer amino acid amino acid § Each amino acid is different u __________________________________ Regents Biology

Water-fearing amino acids § Hydrophobic _________________ u try to get away from water in cell u § the protein folds Regents Biology

Water-loving amino acids § Hydrophillic _________________ u try to stay in water in cell u § the protein folds Regents Biology

For proteins: SHAPE matters! § __________________ u that’s what happens in the cell! § __________________ growth hormone Regents Biology hemoglobin pepsin collagen

It’s SHAPE that matters! § __________________________________ Unfolding a protein destroys its shape wrong shape = ___________ u unfolding proteins = ________ u § temperature § p. H (acidity) folded Regents Biology unfolded “denatured”