Proteins n Function n Structure n Denaturation Proteins

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Proteins n Function n Structure n Denaturation

Proteins n Function n Structure n Denaturation

Proteins Functions 1. Direct and control chemical reactions 2. Structural parts of cell ex.

Proteins Functions 1. Direct and control chemical reactions 2. Structural parts of cell ex. Cell membrane 3. Transport of molecules § haemoglobin (O 2 transport)

Proteins Function (cont’d) 4. Provide support and shape § Muscle/hair/nails… 5. Chemical Messengers §

Proteins Function (cont’d) 4. Provide support and shape § Muscle/hair/nails… 5. Chemical Messengers § Hormones - insulin

Proteins Structure n Macromolecule made up of smaller units called amino acids n made

Proteins Structure n Macromolecule made up of smaller units called amino acids n made up of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), and sulphur (S)

Protein Structure Amino Acids n humans need 20 different a. a. ’s n 8

Protein Structure Amino Acids n humans need 20 different a. a. ’s n 8 are essential amino acids (our body cannot make them – come from our food)

Protein Structure involves 4 phases beginning with a polypeptide chain and ending with several

Protein Structure involves 4 phases beginning with a polypeptide chain and ending with several chains connecting together 1. Primary Structure § Individual amino acids join together § Many a. a. ’s join together to form a polypeptide chain

Protein Structure 2. Secondary Structure § When a polypeptide chain grows beyond 30 amino

Protein Structure 2. Secondary Structure § When a polypeptide chain grows beyond 30 amino acids, it begins to fold upon itself § Forms either a: § α-helix § β-sheet

Secondary Structure

Secondary Structure

Protein Structure 3. Tertiary Structure § Increasing bonding, cause secondary structure to fold up

Protein Structure 3. Tertiary Structure § Increasing bonding, cause secondary structure to fold up on itself further § Forms a 3 -D shape

Tertiary Structure

Tertiary Structure

Protein Structure 4. § Quaternary Structure 2 or more polypeptide chains combine to finally

Protein Structure 4. § Quaternary Structure 2 or more polypeptide chains combine to finally form a functional protein

Protein Structure Protein structure depends entirely on the order in which the amino acids

Protein Structure Protein structure depends entirely on the order in which the amino acids come together. n Chemical bonds help molecules take and hold a specific shape n

n Protein formation ** the ultimate shape of the protein will determine its function

n Protein formation ** the ultimate shape of the protein will determine its function in the cell/organism.

Protein Denaturation Shapes of proteins are critical to their proper functioning n When the

Protein Denaturation Shapes of proteins are critical to their proper functioning n When the protein changes shape it becomes “denatured” n Protein loses its ability to perform its specific function n

Protein Denaturation Conditions that denature a protein 1. 2. 3. 4. Heat: § Cooking,

Protein Denaturation Conditions that denature a protein 1. 2. 3. 4. Heat: § Cooking, sunstroke, fever p. H change: § Stomach acid, perm Radiation: § Sun (uv rays), x-rays, microwaves, cell phones? Harsh chemicals: § Salt – tenderizes meat

Proteins n What to do now? u Text page 35, #5, -8 u Summarize

Proteins n What to do now? u Text page 35, #5, -8 u Summarize note/mind map

DENATURATION OF PROTEIN DENATURATION Denaturation is a processDENATURATION OF PROTEIN DENATURATION Denaturation is a process
Protein Denaturation FDSC 400 Goals Denaturation Balance ofProtein Denaturation FDSC 400 Goals Denaturation Balance of
Protein Denaturation Goals Denaturation Balance of forces ConsequencesProtein Denaturation Goals Denaturation Balance of forces Consequences
Proteins Structure and Function PROTEINS Proteins are essentialProteins Structure and Function PROTEINS Proteins are essential
Proteins Structure and Function Introducing proteins Proteins areProteins Structure and Function Introducing proteins Proteins are
Proteins Structures Primary Structure Proteins Primary Structure ProteinsProteins Structures Primary Structure Proteins Primary Structure Proteins
Denaturation of Small Proteins In The Presence ofDenaturation of Small Proteins In The Presence of
Physical and chemical properties of proteins Denaturation PhysicalPhysical and chemical properties of proteins Denaturation Physical
Models for Chemical and Temperature Denaturation of ProteinsModels for Chemical and Temperature Denaturation of Proteins
Chapter 3 Proteins Lipids Proteins Structure Proteins areChapter 3 Proteins Lipids Proteins Structure Proteins are
Proteins Structure and Function Proteins 1 Cellular OverviewProteins Structure and Function Proteins 1 Cellular Overview
Proteins Function Structure Proteins 1 Cellular Overview 1Proteins Function Structure Proteins 1 Cellular Overview 1
Proteins Structure and Function Proteins 1 Cellular OverviewProteins Structure and Function Proteins 1 Cellular Overview
The Structure of the Genome Denaturation Renaturation andThe Structure of the Genome Denaturation Renaturation and
Function Function Declaration Function Definition Calling a FunctionFunction Function Declaration Function Definition Calling a Function
Structure Structure Structure 1 2 End Structure StructureStructure Structure Structure 1 2 End Structure Structure