Protein Synthesis Protein Synthesis Cytoplasm Instructions DNA RNA

Protein Synthesis

Protein Synthesis Cytoplasm Instructions = DNA RNA Nucleus Building Blocks = Amino Acids Protein

RNA Ribonucleic Acid DNA RNA Sugar Deoxyribose Ribose Strands Double Single Bases Thymine Uracil

RNA 3 Types: 1. Messenger RNA (m. RNA) Carries a copy of the protein building instructions from the nucleus (DNA) to the cytoplasm

RNA 3 Types: 2. Ribosomal RNA (r. RNA) Assembles amino acids into proteins

RNA 3 Types: 3. Transfer RNA (t. RNA) Transfers amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome

Proteins Monomers: Amino acids (20) Order of the amino acids determines protein function

Protein Synthesis Nucleus Instructions = DNA 1. Transcription Cytoplasm RNA Building Blocks = Amino Acids 2. Translation Protein

1. Transciption Copying DNA code to m. RNA Location: Nucleus RNA Polymerase copies one strand of DNA to the m. RNA

Codons Three consecutive nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid Start codon Stop codon: UAA UAG UGA Codons are like words that make up sentence (amino acid sequence).

2. Translation Decoding m. RNA (codons) into an amino acid sequence (protein) Location: Cytoplasm

Translation 4. Ribosome forms bonds between amino acids 3. t. RNA brings a specific amino acid 5. t. RNA will be released 6. Ribosome will continue until it reaches a stop codon 2. Complementary t. RNA reads codon 1. m. RNA finds a ribosome

Protein Synthesis DNA: TACATGCAGTTCATC m. RNA: AUGUACGUCAAGUAG Animo acids: Met-Tyr-Val-Lys-Stop