Protein Synthesis Gene Expression Protein Synthesis The process

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Protein Synthesis Gene Expression

Protein Synthesis Gene Expression

Protein Synthesis • • The process of making proteins… Boring stuff? Nope This is

Protein Synthesis • • The process of making proteins… Boring stuff? Nope This is how the information in your genes is used to build… you!

The role of DNA • The material that genes are made of… • Gene

The role of DNA • The material that genes are made of… • Gene - segment of DNA that carries the information necessary to build a protein. • Information is encoded in the sequence of the four DNA bases (ATGC). • A gene is a sequence of thousands of these bases that codes for a protein!

DNA • Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is found in what part of the cell? Nucleus

DNA • Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) is found in what part of the cell? Nucleus

• The DNA in a single human cell = 3, 000, 000 bases

• The DNA in a single human cell = 3, 000, 000 bases http: //www. pbs. org/wgbh/nova/photo 51/jourflash. html

DNA is Double Stranded Molecule • The four bases that make up the genetic

DNA is Double Stranded Molecule • The four bases that make up the genetic code (ATGC) form complimentary pairs. • A pairs with T… G pairs with C. • If one strand is ACGCAATTGCATT • The other is TGCGTTAACGTAA • This makes it possible for DNA to copy its self…

What is a gene? • Segment of DNA that codes for a protein!!!

What is a gene? • Segment of DNA that codes for a protein!!!

How do genes make proteins? • The DNA is in the _______ of the

How do genes make proteins? • The DNA is in the _______ of the cell. • Protein synthesis takes place at the _____…in the cytoplasm. • The information needs to leave the nucleus… Do you think the DNA can leave the nucleus?

Transcription • The information in the DNA is encoded in a molecule of RNA

Transcription • The information in the DNA is encoded in a molecule of RNA (Transcribed). • DNA can’t leave the nucleus …a messenger is sent. • RNA is the messenger. (m. RNA) • DNA = ATGCGTTAC • RNA= UACGCAAUG

Translation • At the ribosome, the messenger RNA provides the instructions for building a

Translation • At the ribosome, the messenger RNA provides the instructions for building a protein… • The information is translated from the language of DNA/RNA to the language of proteins.

Watch this! Transcription http: //www. hhmi. org/biointeractive/dna/DNAi _transcription_vo 1. html Translation http: //www. hhmi.

Watch this! Transcription http: //www. hhmi. org/biointeractive/dna/DNAi _transcription_vo 1. html Translation http: //www. hhmi. org/biointeractive/media/DN Ai_translation_vo 1 -lg. mov

Make a Diagram Showing Transcription and Translation • Include: Cell Nucleus, DNA bases, RNA

Make a Diagram Showing Transcription and Translation • Include: Cell Nucleus, DNA bases, RNA bases, Ribosome. DNA GATTACAGATTA ribososme

Nucleus DNA GATTACAGATTA protein m. RNA Transcription m. RNA ribosome Translation

Nucleus DNA GATTACAGATTA protein m. RNA Transcription m. RNA ribosome Translation

Describe what happens in transcription and translation • Transcription – A copy of the

Describe what happens in transcription and translation • Transcription – A copy of the information in a gene (DNA) is encoded into RNA (in nucleus). • Translation – The RNA (messenger) serves as the plan for building a protein (at ribosome)

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