Protected Permitted Left Turn Displays NCHRP 3 54

Protected Permitted Left Turn Displays NCHRP 3 -54 (02) Presentation to City of Beaverton Transportation Commission February 7, 2002 Kent Kacir Siemens Gardner Transportation Systems Principal Investigator Project Manager SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Presentation Outline n Background Information n Model 2070 Features n Anticipated Uses/Current Uses n Deployment n Agency’s that have standardized on the Model 2070 n Specifications SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Project Objective n Project objective: evaluate the safety and effectiveness of different signal displays used with PPLT control u Determine PPLT usage in the U. S. u Evaluate safety and operational effects u Evaluate drivers’ understanding of various PPLT displays and indications u Evaluate field implementations of selected display(s) n Project deliverables: recommend display(s) for uniform application across the U. S. SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Study Tasks n Agency Survey n Static Driver Survey n Operational and Conflict Study n Crash Analysis n Interim Report and Panel Meeting n Animated Driver Survey n Field Study n Panel Meeting and Final Report SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

MUTCD and PPLT n MUTCD says that a separate traffic signal display for PPLT control is not required n PPLT Display: u 5 -section u green arrow protected indication u green ball permitted indication u through movement indication displayed simultaneously with protected indication SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

What is the Problem? n Some traffic engineers think the green ball permitted display is problematic u Argue that left-turn drivers may interpret the green ball as a protected indication n At least 4 variations of the permitted indication has been developed n Signal display arrangement and supplemental sign use varies SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Yellow Trap 1 6 When 1 lags … 2 5 … 5 gets the yellow trap SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

RESEARCH RESULTS SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

PPLT Use in the United States n 107, 219 signalized intersections represented in 168 surveys analyzed n 29 % of those intersections use PPLT phasing on at least one approach PPLT Intersections 29 % Intersections Without PPLT 71% SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Use of PPLT by State SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Mounting Location SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Location of Unique PPLT Indications SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Data Collection Locations SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Static Survey SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Demographics n 2, 465 drivers n 73, 950 scenarios n 58 % male - 41 % female n Driver’s age u 27 % < 24 u 44% 24 to 44 u 21 % 45 to 65 u 7 % > 65 SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Early Conclusions n Drivers had better understanding of flashing permitted indications (less fail critical errors) u No age difference with flashing indications n Drivers over the age of 65: u 32 % correct response rate with green ball u Over 63 % correct response rate with flashing indications u 2 - 3 seconds additional response time n Response time lower with flashing indications SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Further Study n Permitted Indication u The use of flashing permitted indications should be considered in future evaluation n Driver understanding n Fail critical responses n Older driver comprehension u Additional study required n clearance interval - right turns n driving - shared lanes SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Proposed Vertical FYA Display SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

UMASS Simulator SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Example of Virtual World SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

FIELD IMPLEMENTATION SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

FYA Implementation Sites Implemented Near Implementation SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Woodburn, Oregon SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Woodburn, Oregon SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

ODOT News Release SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Local Press SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Citizen Response “My opinion is that if the intersection had flashing yellow arrows at the turnlane, this accident may have been avoided…When I see a green light, my first reaction is “go” so I sometimes find myself responding to that trained response rather than the one that says “don’t go when another car is coming. ” Alternatively, when I see a flashing yellow arrow, there is no question that I need to watch what I’m doing, look for approaching vehicles, and turn when it’s safe…” SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

What is Required ? n Identify 3 intersections that are currently operating with PPLT, and that have been doing so for 3 years. n Identify 3 intersections to serve as control sites. n Provide background information: u Lane widths u Historical crash data u Traffic volumes n Track and report change over costs and implementation issues. n Provide the necessary change over (equipment and man-power). n Submit a Request for Experimentation to Federal Highway Administration SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

What Does the NCHRP Contractor Do? n Assist Agency in site identification n Provide technical assistance related to controller logic n Provide “form letter” to submit FHWA request n Collect Before and After Conflict data n Analyze field operational data n Analyze field conflict data SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Potential Sites n Western / 5 th n Allen / Wilson n Allen / Menlo n 125 th / Longhorn SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS

Questions ? Kent Kacir 503 -624 -7635 Kent. kacir@gts. sea. siemens. com SE&A GTS – Ga r d n e r T ra n s p o r t a t i o n S y s t e m s Kittelson Associates, Inc. © Siemens E&A, GTS