Proposed Potential Research Areas Proposed Topic No 1

Proposed Potential Research Areas

Proposed Topic No. 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - Area Research Topic Remarks Intake Pumping Station Using Floating Pumps to Transfer Dead Sea Brine to Fixed Pumping Station In average, APC has to Construct a fixed and huge Pumping station to chase the Dead Sea level to pump brine (270 Million m 3) to Solar Pans Salt Mushroom Formation at Salt Pans APC adopted mechanical dredging to remove Salts and restore the evaporation area. Pans Area Dikes & Pans Area Huge quantity of Water is used Salt Build Up inside the transfer Pipes to remove the salt build up. and Pumps This affects negatively on the pans Concentration Seepage of Brine Through Dikes it is estimated that 20% of the annual pumped quantity of brine from the sea to the pans is lost through the surrounding dikes.

Proposed Topic No. Area Research Topic Remarks 5 - Pans & Dikes Sinkholes Formation A hazard endangering of the Dikes stability 6 - Cold Crystallization Plant Increasing Standard Potash from Cold Crystallization Plants. Less than 20% of CCPS is standard 7 - Cold Crystallization Plant Finding New Floating Reagent to Replace used One Cost Issue 8 - Plants Enhancement of Water Quality Low Quality affects negatively Used at Process & for Equipment on Equipment Sustainability

Proposed Topic No. 9 - 10 - 11 - Area Research Topic Remarks Plants Enhancement of concrete used at Plants Deterioration of Concrete Basements due to brine Contact. Plants Corrosion Maintenance Cost for pipes and equipment is very huge due to Corrosion Dikes & Pans Area Dissolubility of subsurface salt upon being in contact with normal Sea water Dead-Red Sea project