Property of Lear Siegler Property of Lear Siegler

Property of Lear Siegler

Property of Lear Siegler

Property of Lear Siegler

TAF • The expected meteorological conditions significant to aviation at an airport during the specified time issued by NWS. • Airport is defined as the area within a 5 nm radius of the center of the runway complex Property of Lear Siegler

TAF • Issued four times daily (every 6 hours) – 0000 Z, 0600 Z, 1200 Z, 1800 Z. • Valid for a 24 - hour period (except for high-impact airports with 30 -hr valid times)

High-Impact Cities with TAF’s for 30 hours KATL-Hartsfield/Jackson Atlanta Intl KBDL-Bradley Intl KBOS-Gen Edward Lawrence Intl KBWI-Baltimore-Washington Intl KCLE-Cleveland/Hopkins Intl KCVG-Cincinnati-N Kentucky Intl KDEN-Denver Intl KDFW-Dallas/Ft Worth Intl KDTW-Detroit Metro Wayne Co KEWR-Newark Liberty Intl KIAD-Washington Dullus Intl KIAH-George Bush Intercontinental KIND-Indianapolis Intl KJFK-John F Kennedy Intl KLAX-Los Angeles Intl KMKE-General Mitchell Intl KMSP-Minneapolis/St Paul Intl KOAK-Metro Oakland Intl KONT-Ontario Intl KORD-Chicago O’Hare Intl KPHL-Philadelphia Intl KPIT-Pittsburgh Intl KSAN-San Diego Intl KSDF-Louisville Intl KSEA-Seattle-Tacoma Intl KSFO-San Francisco Intl KSLC-Salt Lake City Intl KSTL- Lambert-St Louis Intl KSWF-Stewart Intl PANC-Ted Stevens Anchorage Intl PHNL-Honolulu Intl PAFA-Fairbanks Intl

ORDER OF ENTRY • TYPE OF REPORT • STATION IDENTIFIER (FOUR LETTERS) • ISSUE TIME • VALID TIME • WIND • VISIBILITY • SIGNIFICANT WEATHER • SKY CONDITION • WIND SHEAR Property of Lear Siegler

KMGM 091750 Z 0918/1018 Z 22020 KT 5 SM HZFU SCT 010 BKN 025 FM 092030 30015 G 25 KT 2 SM BKN 030 PROB 40 1022/1024 30010 KT 2 SM SHRA OVC 010 FM 100300 28010 KT 2 SM SHRA BKN 025 FM 101200 27005 KT 4 SM FG OVC 008 STATION IDENTIFIER Property of Lear Siegler

KMGM 091750 Z 0918/1018 Z 22020 KT 5 SM HZFU SCT 010 BKN 025 FM 092030 30015 G 25 KT 2 SM BKN 030 PROB 40 1022/1024 30010 KT 2 SM SHRA OVC 010 FM 100300 28010 KT 2 SM SHRA BKN 025 FM 101200 27005 KT 4 SM FG OVC 008 DATE TIME GROUP TIME OF TRANSMISSION TO THE NEAREST MINUTE

KMGM 091750 Z 0918/1018 Z 22020 KT 5 SM HZFU SCT 010 BKN 025 FM 092030 30015 G 25 KT 2 SM BKN 030 PROB 40 1022/1024 30010 KT 2 SM SHRA OVC 010 FM 100300 28010 KT 2 SM SHRA BKN 025 FM 101200 27005 KT 4 SM FG OVC 008 VALID DATE /TIME VALID 24 HR FORECAST PERIOD

KMGM 091750 Z 0918/1018 Z 22020 KT 5 SM HZFU SCT 010 BKN 025 FM 092030 30015 G 25 KT 2 SM BKN 030 PROB 40 1022/1024 30010 KT 2 SM SHRA OVC 010 FM 100300 28010 KT 2 SM SHRA BKN 025 FM 101200 27005 KT 4 SM FG OVC 008 TIME DIVIDER - FROM 2030 on the 9 th day, a rapid change < 1 hr

KMGM 091750 Z 0918/1018 Z 22020 KT 5 SM HZFU SCT 010 BKN 025 FM 092030 30015 G 25 KT 2 SM BKN 030 PROB 40 1022/1024 30010 KT 2 SM SHRA OVC 010 FM 100300 28010 KT 2 SM SHRA BKN 025 FM 101200 27005 KT 4 SM FG OVC 008 TIME DIVIDER - FROM

KDHN 091754 Z 0918/1018 Z 00000 KT 1/2 SM FG VV 003 BECMG 0920/0922 02005 KT 2 SM FGHZ FM 100100 03010 KT 3 SM -SHRA SCT 008 BKN 020 FM 101000 06015 KT 4 SM RA OVC 020 TEMPO 1012/1014 06010 KT 1 SM +SHRA OVC 010 FM 101500 09010 KT 5 SM BKN 010 BKN 030 OVC 060 CHANGE INDICATOR - BECMG Gradual change on the 9 th day between 2000 Z and 2200 Z Property of Lear Siegler

KDHN 091754 Z 0918/1018 Z 00000 KT 1/2 SM FG VV 003 BECMG 0920/0922 02005 KT 2 SM FGHZ FM 100100 03010 KT 3 SM -SHRA SCT 008 BKN 020 FM 101000 06015 KT 4 SM RA OVC 020 TEMPO 1012/1014 06010 KT 1 SM +SHRA OVC 010 FM 101500 09010 KT 5 SM BKN 010 BKN 030 OVC 060 CHANGE INDICATOR TEMPO Temporary change on the 10 th day between 1200 Z and 1400 Z. Property of Lear Siegler

KMGM 091750 Z 0918/1018 Z 22020 KT 5 SM HZFU SCT 010 BKN 025 FM 092030 30015 G 25 KT 2 SM BKN 030 PROB 40 1022/1024 30010 KT 2 SM SHRA OVC 010 FM 100300 28010 KT 2 SM SHRA BKN 025 FM 101200 27005 KT 4 SM FG OVC 008 PROBABILITY 40 -49% Chance between 2200 and 2400 on the 10 th day of the month

TAF • P 6 SM – Visibility Plus 6 SM • NSW – No Significant Weather • SKY CONDITIONS – CB Only cloud type in TAF • Low Level Wind Shear (non-TS shear w/in 2000 ft) – WS 010/18040 KT Placed in TAF when PIREPS report airspeed change of 20 kts or more or vertical shears of 10 kts or more per 100 ft. Property of Lear Siegler

KDHN 091754 Z 0918/1018 Z 00000 KT 1/2 SM FG VV 003 BECMG 0920/0922 02005 KT 2 SM FGHZ FM 100100 03010 KT 3 SM -SHRA SCT 008 BKN 020 FM 101000 06015 KT 4 SM RA OVC 020 TEMPO 1012/1014 06010 KT 1 SM +SHRA OVC 010 FM 101500 09010 KT 5 SM BKN 010 BKN 030 OVC 060 Forecast for 9 th day @ 2300 Z ? Property of Lear Siegler

KDHN 091754 Z 0918/1018 Z 00000 KT 1/2 SM FG VV 003 BECMG 0920/0922 02005 KT 2 SM FGHZ FM 100100 03010 KT 3 SM -SHRA SCT 008 BKN 020 FM 101000 06015 KT 4 SM RA OVC 020 TEMPO 1012/1014 06010 KT 1 SM +SHRA OVC 010 FM 101500 09010 KT 5 SM BKN 010 BKN 030 OVC 060 Forecast for 9 th day at 1900 Z?

KDHN 091754 Z 0918/1018 Z 00000 KT 1/2 SM FG VV 003 BECMG 0920/0922 02005 KT 2 SM FGHZ FM 100100 03010 KT 3 SM -SHRA SCT 008 BKN 020 FM 101000 06015 KT 4 SM RA OVC 020 TEMPO 1012/1014 06010 KT 1 SM +SHRA OVC 010 FM 101500 09010 KT 5 SM BKN 010 BKN 030 OVC 060 Forecast for 10 th day at 1030 Z ?

KDHN 091754 Z 0918/1018 Z 00000 KT 1/2 SM FG VV 003 BECMG 0920/0922 02005 KT 2 SM FGHZ FM 100100 03010 KT 3 SM -SHRA SCT 008 BKN 020 FM 101000 06015 KT 4 SM RA OVC 020 TEMPO 1012/1014 06010 KT 1 SM +SHRA OVC 010 FM 101500 09010 KT 5 SM BKN 010 BKN 030 OVC 060 Forecast for 10 th day at 1600 Z ?

Maximumgreater Visibility Temp C and than o 6 SM Forecast Time Travis AFB, CA KSUU 1011/1111 24010 G 15 KT 9999 BKN 180 QNH 3020 INS……. …BECMG 1104/1105 20010 G 15 KT 8000 –RA BR BKN 030 VOVC 050 QNH 3005 INS T 11/23 Z T 08/13 Z 1600 meters == 11 SM SM Forecasted Minimum Altimeter Temp o. C and Setting (hg)Time Forecast 6000 meters == 44 SM SM 8000 meters == 55 SM SM 9000 meters == 66 SM SM 9999 meters == +6 +6 SM SM

BECMG CLR ? Property of Lear Siegler

ELO #2 ACTION: The student will interpret data contained in winds aloft forecast charts CONDITION: Given pertinent information about a winds aloft forecast STANDARD: IAW AC 00 -45 F

WINDS ALOFT FORECAST Data based on 010000 Z Valid 010600 Z FOR USE 0200 -0900 Z. TEMPS NEG ABV 24000 FT 3000 6000 9000 12000 18000 24000 MKC 9900 1709+06 2018+00 2130 -06 2242 -18 2361 -30 Issue times: Winds and Temperature Aloft forecasts are issued 4 times per day and overlap each other by one hour (beginning and ending ). Each chart covers a specific area, usually several states. Property of Lear Siegler

Forecast Levels: Begin usually at 6000 feet MSL Winds will be given for 6000, 9000, 12, 000, 15, 000, 18, 000, 24, 000, 30, 000, 34, 000, and 39, 000 foot levels

Through 15, 000 feet, levels are MSL altitude, 18, 000 feet and above are PA Winds are not normally given for altitudes below 1, 500 feet of the surface Temps are not normally given within 2, 500 feet of the surface

Wind direction Given in reference to True North to the nearest 10 degrees Shown in two digits

Wind Speeds Given in knots (2 digits) Wind Speeds of less than 5 knots are shown as 9900

2312 would be? From 230 at 12 knots 1820? From 180 at 20 knots 9900? Light and variable winds – speeds of less than 5 knots

Winds above 100 knots – Do the math! Add 50 to the direction Subtract 100 from speed

Winds from 250 degrees at 145 knots would look like? 7545 (250 direction +50 = 75, 145 knot winds - 100 = 45) Winds from 180 degrees at 180 knots would look like? 6880

Forecast winds of 200 knots or more will be shown as 199 knots Winds from 270 at 250 knots would look like? 7799

Temperatures In Celsius (two digits), + for positive and - for negative temps Temps above 24, 000 feet are always assumed to be negative

Sample Winds Aloft Forecast Data based on 010000 Z Valid 010600 Z FOR USE 0200 -0900 Z. TEMPS NEG ABV 24000 FT 3000 6000 9000 12000 18000 24000 MKC 9900 1810+06 2018+00 2130 -06 2242 -18 2361 -30 Winds at 7, 500 feet would be? 190 degrees at 14 knots, temp 3 degrees

Flight Weather Briefing DD-Form 175 -1

000224 BO 6 / 227 20025/+14 oc Property of Lear Siegler

000224 06/03/06 Property of Lear Siegler 227

000224 BO 6 / 227 B 06 /227 Property of Lear Siegler

000224 BO 6 / 227 Property of Lear Siegler

000224 BO 6 / 227 Property of Lear Siegler

000224 BO 6 / 227 Property of Lear Siegler

000224 BO 6 / 227 Property of Lear Siegler

000224 BO 6 / 227 Property of Lear Siegler

000224 BO 6 / 227 Property of Lear Siegler

000224 BO 6 / 227 Property of Lear Siegler

000224 BO 6 / 227 Property of Lear Siegler

000224 BO 6 / 227

000224 BO 6 / 227 Property of Lear Siegler

045 20025 /+14 C X 060 X X 110 HEY-MXF X X HEY-MXF Property of Lear Siegler 5 HEY-MXF X X X HEY-MXF HVY NR

MXF BKN 050 Property of Lear Siegler 3 18020 2999 1312 1512

x 1200 1330 AJL Previous edition may be used Property of Lear Siegler Your Signature

Safety First… Use all resources of information in your flight planning. “Someone is waiting back home. ”

ELY, NV

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