Properties of Matter Lab Review Classification of Matter
Properties of Matter Lab Review
Classification of Matter � Substances have a fixed composition q. Elements and Compounds are pure substances • Elements can’t be broken down to simpler substances • Compounds are difficult to break down to simpler substances-separated through chemical reactions q. Mixtures and Solutions are not pure substances and can be easily separated without chemical reactions
Physical Properties � Color, shape, size, density, melting point, boiling point � Appearance and behavior � Think of appearance as being descriptive � Behavior is like magnetism or being ductile or malleable
Physical Changes � The identity of the substance does not change � Changing the state of matter does not change the chemical make up of the substance
Chemical Changes Ø The Ø New identity of the substance changes substance(s) formed
Extensive and Intensive properties Ø Extensive properties depend on how much of a substance is present-size, weight, mass, volume Ø Intensive properties do not depend on how much of substance is present-color, density, odor, luster, ductility, malleability, hardness, conductivity, boiling point, melting/freezing point
Types of Chemical Reactions Silver Nitrate and Copper-Single replacement reaction Cu + Ag(NO 3)2 → Cu(NO 3)2 + Ag One element replaces another in a compound Silver precipitate and copper nitrate produced
Hydrochloric acid and zinc reaction 2 HCl + Zn → Zn. Cl 2 + H 2 Single replacement reaction Hydrogen gas produced Zinc replaces hydrogen Temp change Exothermic-feels hot but the reaction is actually losing heat
Copper sulfate and iron reaction Cu. SO 4 + Fe → Fe. SO 4 + Cu Single replacement reaction Solidifies Iron replaces copper Temp change Exothermic-feels hot but the reaction is actually losing heat
Hydrogen Peroxide and Yeast � Decomposition reaction � H 2 O 2 → 2 H 2 O + O 2 � Exothermic � Gas is released � Liquid and yeast remain � What is yeast’s role in the reaction?
Acetic Acid and Baking Soda � CH 3 COOH + Na. H 3 CO 3 → CO 2 + H 2 O + CH 3 OONa � Gas is released � Na actually separates and is dissolved � Feels cold which would mean endothermic but it really isn’t-CO 2 cools rapidly causing the cold
Filter paper and black marker Ø Not a chemical reaction Ø Chromatography Ø Solid black ink separated into blue/brown/yellow so it is a solution
Sugar and water Ø Sugar simply dissolves in the water Ø Sugar does not become something new, still a solid just mixes between the water particles
Chalk Ground in to a powder Still chalk, still solid
- Slides: 14