Properties of Bonds 1 Polarity 2 Bond Order

Properties of Bonds 1. Polarity 2. Bond Order 3. Bond Length 4. Bond Energy

Electronegativity Bond Polarity Electronegativity: ability of a bonded atom to attract the shared electrons towards itself Origin: Orbital Energies Trends:

Continuum from Covalent to Ionic Bonding: Bond Character

Bond Order: # of bonds between two atoms

Bond Length

Bond Energy: Energy to separate two bonded atoms

Bond Energy in Ionic Compounds: Lattice Energy to separate all the ions Na. Cl(s) Na+(g) + Cl-(g) H = Lattice E = -790 k. J/mol

Properties inside Molecules 1. Resonance 2. Formal Charge 3. Oxidation Number 4. Partial Charge

Resonance and Bond Order

Resonance Structures: When more than one reasonable Lewis Structure is possible

Formal Charge and Oxidation Number Examples

Partial Charge

Lewis Structure # Structural Pairs = # bonded atoms Electron Geometry + # lone pairs Molecular Geometry on central atom

# Structural Pairs determines Electron Pair Geometry

# Structural Pairs determines Electron Pair Geometry

# Structural Pairs determines Electron Pair Geometry

Molecular Geometry = Electron Pair Geometry, ignoring lone pairs BF 3 and O 3

Molecular Geometry = Electron Pair Geometry, ignoring lone pairs

Molecular Geometry = Electron Pair Geometry, ignoring lone pairs

Molecular Geometry = Electron Pair Geometry, ignoring lone pairs