Propaganda Accelerated English II What is Propaganda Propaganda

Propaganda Accelerated English II

What is Propaganda? Propaganda is a form of communication that is aimed at influencing the attitude of a community toward some cause or position by presenting only one side of an argument. Propaganda is usually repeated and dispersed over a wide variety of media in order to create the chosen result in audience attitudes. As opposed to impartially providing information, propaganda, in its most basic sense, presents information primarily to influence an audience. Propaganda often presents facts selectively (thus possibly lying by omission) to encourage a particular synthesis, or uses loaded messages to produce an emotional rather than rational response to the information presented. The desired result is a change of the attitude toward the subject in the target audience to further a political agenda. Propaganda can be used as a form of political warfare.

Types of Propaganda Name-Calling: It is the use of derogatory language or words that carry a negative connotation when describing an enemy. The propaganda attempts to arouse prejudice among the public by labeling the target something that the public dislikes. Often, name calling is employed using sarcasm and ridicule, and shows up often in political cartoons or writings.

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Types of Propaganda Glittering Generalities: Glittering generalities was one of the seven main propaganda techniques identified by the Institute for Propaganda Analysis in 1938. It also occurs very often in politics and political propaganda. Glittering generalities are words that have different positive meaning for individual subjects, but are linked to highly valued concepts. When these words are used, they demand approval without thinking, simply because such an important concept is involved.

Types of Propaganda

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Types of Propaganda Euphemisms: Essentially using bland words in the place of unpleasant business. In more controversial uses, it can be reversed to use bland language in suggestive tones.

Types of Propaganda Transfer: It is an attempt to make the subject view a certain item in the same way as they view another item, to link the two in the subjects mind. In politics, transfer is most often used to transfer blame or bad feelings from one politician to another of his friends or party members, or even to the party itself.

Types of Propaganda Testimonial: Testimonials are quotations or endorsements, in or out of context, which attempt to connect a famous or respectable person with a product or item. Testimonials are very closely connected to the transfer technique, in that an attempt is made to connect an agreeable person to another item

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Types of Propaganda Plain Folk: An attempt by the propagandist to convince the public that his views reflect those of the common person and that they are also working for the benefit of the common person.

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Types of PRopaganda Bandwagon: Bandwagon is one of the most common techniques in both wartime and peacetime and plays an important part in modern advertising. Bandwagon is an appeal to the subject to follow the crowd, to join in because others are doing so as well. Bandwagon propaganda is, essentially, trying to convince the subject that one side is the winning side, because more people have joined it.

Types of Propaganda Fear: When a propagandist warns members of her audience that disaster will result if they do not follow a particular course of action, she is using the fear appeal. By playing on the audience's deep-seated fears, practitioners of this technique hope to redirect attention away from the merits of a particular proposal and toward steps that can be taken to reduce the fear.

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