PRONOUNS UNIT 11 Personal Pronouns A pronoun is

PRONOUNS UNIT 11

Personal Pronouns A pronoun is a word that takes place of one or more nouns. l The dog is brown. It has white spots too. l l It is the pronoun. It replaces dog. l Pronouns keep us from using the same noun over and over again in our speaking and writing.

Personal Pronouns l There are 2 types of personal pronouns: l Personal Pronouns refer to people or things. l SUBJECT pronouns – a pronoun used in the nominative case. It functions as the subject of a sentence. l She likes the Twilight movies. They are going to the fair this weekend. l

Subject Pronouns l Singular I You He, she, it Plural we you they LOOK FAMILIAR?

Personal Pronouns l The second type of personal pronoun is the OBJECT pronoun. It is in the objective case. l l It functions as the direct object, the indirect object, or the object of a prepositional phrase. So it can be the object of a VERB or a PHRASE l The coach gave him a special award.

Object Pronouns l Singular Plural me you him, her, it us you them

Object Pronouns * The principal gave him a warning. (used as a indirect object) • I want it for Christmas. ( used as a direct object) • Did you buy a present for her? ( used as the object of a preposition)

QUIZ You will have a QUIZ on the subject/object pronouns On Friday, November 5 th!! (Back of vocab test)

Pronouns and their Antecedents l An antecedent is the word that the pronoun is referring to. It is the word that the pronoun replaces. l American soldiers face death everyday. They are very brave. l The antecedent of they is soldiers.

Antecedents * Make sure your antecedent is clear. Janet and Sue went to the movies. She bought popcorn. Who bought? They are both girls. • Make sure your pronoun agrees with its antecedent in gender. • Clay bought new shoes. She spent a lot of money. CLAY isn’t a girl! • Make sure your pronoun agrees with its antecedent in number. • Kaitlyn eats candy all the time. They are going to have cavities. • Kaityln is singular- They is plural NO !

Antecedents l Emily Dickinson was born in Massachusetts in 1830, ____ was the daughter of Emily and Edward. l Dickinson’s father was a Renaissance man. _____ was a lawyer, a politician, and a college treasurer. l The poet’s brother, William Austin, was always called Austin. _______ was the only son.

Using Subject and Object Pronouns Correctly 1. Emily and ( she, her) were sisters and friends. 2. (She, Her) and Charles Wadsworth were friends also. 3. Dickinson and ( he, him) were friends and companions. 4. The poet and a friend corresponded with Thomas HIgginson and (he, him). 5. (She, Her) and other poets wrote poems and letters. 6. (They, Them) and others are published in English and other languages. 7. Emily’s poems amused those students and (we, us) 8. An editor and ( her, she) gave the poems numbers but no titles.

Using subject and object pronouns correctly 1. ( We, Us) students read the book. 2. The book delighted (we, us) readers. 3. Heidi liked Peter more than (she, her) did. ** 4. Heidi liked Peter more than ( she, her). *** 5. Heidi’s closest friend is ( he, him). ** 6. This is ( she, her). 7. It is ( I, me).

Possessive Pronouns l Possessive Pronouns are pronouns that are in the possessive case. They show ownership. Her class put on a play. l Mine is on the table. l l THEY DO NOT HAVE AN APOSTROPHE

Possessive Pronouns l Used Before Nouns Singular my your her, his, its Plural our your their

Possessive Pronouns l Used Alone (nothing follows them) Singular mine yours hers, his, its Plural ours yours theirs

Possessive Pronouns 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Our class is putting on a play by Shakespeare. He wrote centuries ago, but his plays still thrill audiences. Hamlet is Lisa’s favorite, but Romeo and Juliet is mine. Have you seen your favorite play yet? Gina was in Hamlet, but it’s not a favorite of hers. I know my part in the play. The language of Shakespeare sounds strange to their ears. To Shakespeare our English would seem like a foreign language. Some of his words look odd in print; the spellings are unfamiliar. The spoken words of Shakespeare more eloquent than mine.

Indefinite Pronouns l An indefinite pronoun is a pronoun that does not refer to a particular person, place, or thing. l You must apply the “s” rule when working with indefinite pronouns.

Indefinite Pronouns l Singular Indefinite pronouns Another Anybody Anyone Anything Each Either everybody everyone everything much neither nobody no one nothing one somebody someone something ALL of these will have verbs that end in S

Indefinite Pronouns l These are Plural indefinite pronouns. Both l Others l l Few Several Many ALL of these will have verbs that DO NOT end in S

Indefinite Pronouns l There are 5 pronouns that we will call “iffy” That means that they can be either singular or plural. l all – any- most-none –some l You must look at the object of the prepositional phrase that follows to determine whether or not it is singular or plural. l All of the boys (is, are) walking home today. l

Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns l Reflexive and Intensive Pronouns Myself l Yourself l Himself, herself, itself l ourselves yourselves themselves

Reflexive A reflexive pronoun will not be beside the noun it goes with. l He built the birdhouse all by himself. l An intensive pronoun will be beside the noun it goes with. l He himself built the birdhouse. l

Interrogative Pronouns An interrogative pronoun is a pronoun used to introduce an interrogative sentence (a question). l WHO WHAT WHOSE WHICH WHOM

Interrogative Pronouns WHO and WHOM refer to people l Who is going to the office? l To whom are you referring? l WHICH and WHAT are used to refer to things. l WHOSE shows that someone possesses something. l

Demonstrative Pronouns l. THIS l. THAT l. THESE l. THOSE

But they are the same as demonstrative adjectives? ? ? l This, that, these and those are also demonstrative adjectives. REMEMBER that an adjective must describe something – so it will have a buddy. l Demonstrative pronouns do not describe. They will be alone in a sentence.

Pronoun or Adjective? ? This is interesting. l This book is interesting. l That girl is stealing a snack. l That is not fair. l Those are dirty. l Those puppies are whining for their mother. l