Programming Hardware Software Hardware Four components of a
- Slides: 26
Programming Hardware & Software
Hardware • Four components of a computer system: – CPU - central processing unit • Makes decisions, performs computations, and delegates input/output requests – Memory: Disk Drives, CD drives, Tape drives, USB flash drives. • Stores information – Input devices: Keyboard, Mouse, • Gets information from the user to the computer – Output devices: monitor • Sends information from computer to the user
Hardware
System PROGRAMMING vs application PROGRAMMING
System PROGRAMMING vs application PROGRAMMING • System PROGRAMMING menghasilkan perangkat lunak yang menyediakan layanan untuk perangkat keras. Contoh : Scandisk, defrag, dll. • Application PROGRAMMING menghasilkan perangkat lunak yang menyediakan layanan bagi pengguna. Contoh : Word Processing, Spreedsheet, Graphic, database, games, dll.
SYSTEM PROGRAMMING SYSTEM SOFTWARE
Copyright © 2000 by Brooks/Cole Publishing Company A division of International Thomson Publishing Inc.
Computer Software Relationships User Interface Application Programs User Interface Operating System User Basic Input and Output Services (BIOS) Interface • needed for a computer to boot up Computer Hardware
Tipe - SYSTEM PROGRAM Sistem operasi (sebagai contoh terkemuka Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X dan Linux), yang memungkinkan bagian-bagian dari sebuah komputer untuk bekerja bersama-sama melakukan tugas-tugas seperti mentransfer data antara memori dan disk atau output rendering ke monitor, menjalankan aplikasi. program utility yang membantu untuk menganalisis, Mengkonfigurasi, mengoptimalkan, dan memelihara komputer. Komputer BIOS dan device firmware, yang menyediakan fungsionalitas dasar untuk mengoperasikan dan mengendalikan perangkat keras atau dibangun terhubung ke komputer. Membangun Software development Tool, seperti compiler, linkers, debugger.
1. SYSTEM SOFTWARE Perangkat lunak yang sudah dibuat dan siap pakai (end user). Dimana system software ini dibagi menjadi 3 bagian : A. OPERATING SYSTEM merupakan suatu kumpulan program yag dibuat oleh vendor software dengan memperhatikan bentuk dan sistem kerja komputer yang akan menggunakannya contoh : Ms. Windows, LINUX, UNIX, XENIX, DOS B. COMPILER merupakan system software yang bertugas untuk merubah / menterjemahkan instruksi-instruksi program ke dalam bahasa mesin (machine language) C. INTERPRETER menterjemahkan instruksi-instruksi program secara langsung tanpa harus menunggu seluruh program selesai, sehingga kesalahan program mudah terdeteksi.
PERANAN Sistem Operasi dalam sistem komputer
FUNGSI SISTEM OPERASI VIRTUAL MACHINE RESOURCES MANAGER
Operating System • Controls and manages the computing resources • Examples – Windows, Unix, MSDOS, • Important services that an operating system provides: – Security: prevent unauthorized users from accessing the system – Commands to manipulate the file system – Input and output on a variety of devices – Window management
2. APPLICATION SOFTWARE Program-program yang dibuat untuk menangani suatu masalah atau pekerjaan tertentu yang disebut sebagai aplikasi. APPLICATION SOFTWARE ini dibagi menjadi 3 bagian yaitu : A. TAYLOR MADE SOFTWARE program yang dibuat secara khusus bedasarkan pesanan user contoh : = Komputerisasi Sistem Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru = Komputerisasi Sistem KTP (e-KTP), e-travel, e-shop dll = Komputerisasi Sistem Perbankan, Asuransi, Keuangan dll
B. PACKAGE SOFTWARE program yang dibuat & diproduksi secara massal yang disesuaikan dengan kegunaannya masing-masing seperti, WORDPROCESSOR, SPREADSHEET, DATABASE, DESIGN GRAFIS dan lain sebagainya. contoh : Ms. Office, Adobe-Photo. Shop, FLASH, 3 D-MAX, Oracle, SQL C. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE bahasa program yang digunakan di dalam proses pembuatan program yang biasa digunakan oleh PROGRAMMER. Programming language ini dibagi menjadi 2 bagian yaitu : 1. LOW LEVEL LANGUAGE (Bahasa Tingkat Rendah) machine langugage dan assembly language 2. HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE (Bahasa Tingkat Tinggi) Basic, RPG, Pascal, JAVA, COBOL, C++, C#, VB. Net, Fox. Pro
Application Software • Application software makes computer popular and easy to use • Common application software: n Microsoft Word, Word. Perfect n Power. Point n Netscape, Internet Explorer n Photo. Shop, Photo-Paint n Quick Time n Dreamweaver
What is a (programming) language? A sequence of instructions An algorthm (in human language) A program (in computer language) • A program needs to be written in a language • There are many programming languages – Low-level, understandable by a computer – High-level, needs a translator! • C++ is a high level programming language
Levels of programming language • Machine binary language: unintelligible (tidak dapat dimengerti). • Low-level assembly language – Mnemonic names for machine operations – Explicit manipulation of memory addresses – Machine-dependent • High-level language – Readable – Machine-independent
An example: Machine binary language Low-level assembly High-level
How to translate? A program written in high-level programming language (for example, C++ program) COMPILER (for example, Visual C++, Eclipse, g++) A low-level (machine language) program that is understandable by a computer (for example, a PC)
Software Development • Major activities n Editing (writing the program) n Compiling (creates. obj file) n Linking with compiled files (creates. exe file) • Object files • Library modules n Loading and executing n Testing the program
Integrated Development Environments • Combine all of the capabilities that a programmer would want while developing software (VC++ 2008, Eclipse) n Editor n Compiler n Linker n Loader n Debugger n Viewer
Summary
l. Mudheng Thoo. . Brooo
- Internal hardware components of a computer
- Hardware description language
- Hardware programming language
- Perbedaan linear programming dan integer programming
- Greedy vs dynamic programming
- Components of system programming
- Integer programming vs linear programming
- Definisi integer
- Gis hardware components
- Ladder logic programming
- Plc hardware components
- Gis hardware components
- What are the major hardware components of a computer
- Cnc hardware basics
- 3 components of computer
- Computer hardware parts
- Mechanical hardware components
- Major hardware components of a computer system
- Computerite
- Four special cases in linear programming
- What are the four components of a search engine
- Interrupt timeline
- Four main components for effective outlines
- 2nd class lever in sport
- Ginnetts team leadership model
- Social case work components
- Cultural items with patterns