PROF DR RAMLI MUSA WWW RAMLIMUSA COM HTTP

PROF DR RAMLI MUSA WWW. RAMLIMUSA. COM HTTP: //WWW. IIUM. EDU. MY/MEDICINE/MAHIR

1. APA itu kesihatan? What is health?

2. Is physical or mental health more important?

3. Why mental health is important? • Physical vs. mind (psychological)

4. What is the status of mental health awareness in Malaysia? • At workplace; enhancements?

“Research done by the association on the prevalence of depression among Malaysians showed a 50% increase in depressed patients from 2011 to 2015. ” “Depression will be a major mental health illness among Malaysians by 2020. ”

Burden of major depression predicted global impact in 2020 1. Ischaemic heart disease Rank order of disease burden 2. Major depression 3. Road traffic accidents 4. Cerebrovascular disease 5. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 6. Lower respiratory infections World Bank’s Burden of Disease Estimates: Murray & Lopez eds The global burden of disease. Boston, MA: Harvard University Press for the WHO(1996)

Epidemiology • Lifetime prevalence: 8 -12% – International Consortium of psychiatric epidemiology • Women have relatively higher rate of occurrence than men – – Sex ratio 2: 1 More common in married than never-married groups Higher risk for women with ≥ 3 children below age 14 Single, divorced and widowed males more likely to be depressed • Recurrent disorder – Each additional episode increases probability of subsequent episodes – Estimated risk of recurrence is 50%, 80 -90% and greater than 90% after 1, 2 and 3 episodes respectively MOH Clinical Practice Guidelines 2011

Prevalence of major depressive disorder (MDD) in Malaysia • The prevalence of patients presenting to hospital is estimated to be 14 - 18% 1, 2 • This is seen to be more pronounced in the elderly 1. Norsiah MN, Sherina MS. Prevalence of depression among the elderly attending Klinik Kesihatan Pokok Sena. The Fam Physician 2004; 12 (2&3): 30 -35. 2. Sherina MS, Nor Afizah MZ, Shamsul AS. Factors associated with depression among elderly patients in a primary health care clinic in Malaysia. Asia Pacific Fam Med. 2003; 2: 148 -2.

5. What is Mental Health at workplace?

6. What are the sources of stress at workplace? Tasks, responsibilities Superiors ? (Boss or bosses? ) Colleagues ? Dysfunction ? Non-function? Constraints ; Resources: financial human resource. Physical. Interpersonal interdepartmental. • Conflicts ; expectation vs. reality • • •

Work–life balance • a concept including proper prioritizing between "work" (career and ambition) and "lifestyle" (health, pleasure, leisure, family and spiritual development/meditation).

BALANCE !!! • Employee’s vs boss’ expectations

7. What are the benefits of a good work life balance? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. increased productivity lower absenteeism a happier, less stressed workforce improvements in employee health and well-being a more positive perception of you as an employer greater employee loyalty, commitment and motivation 7. a reduction in staff turnover and recruitment costs

Tips 1. Learn Your Employer's Policies. Inquire about your company's policies on flextime and working from home. . 2. Communicate. . 3. Use Technology to Your Advantage. . 4. Telecommute. . 5. Learn to Say "No. ". . . 6. Fight the Guilt. . 7. Work smarter, not harder 8. Protect Your Private Time. 9. Leave work at work, Unplug 10. Forget about perfection Let go of perfectionism 11. Ease off the adrenaline; Exercise and meditate 12. Limit time-wasting activities and people; surfing Facebook or cat blogs when you should be getting work done, 13. Set your own rules. “But it isn’t selfish, ”

• • • Time management Stress management Anger management Breathing technique Coping styles Assertive therapy

Islamic approach • • • Iktiar Tawakkal Qada’ Qadar Redha Konsep sabar Submission Terapi sujud vs yoga Quranic recitation vs Breathing technique Concept of Moderation Decision making Stress Management AP Dr Ramli M 20

• Programs, workplace flexibilities, telework, and dependent care.

8. What are the challenges in Mental Health promotion? • Stigma. • Traditional believe. • Bomoh vs Perubatan berkaitan Islam. Vs Psychiatrists vs

9. Strengths; What are the strategies to reduce stigma? 1. Education 2. Advocacy

10. What are the strategies. Technology • IT

www. ramlimusa. com http: //www. iium. edu. my/medicine/mahir

8. World Mental Health day

• The Day provides an opportunity for all stakeholders working on mental health issues to talk about their work, and what more needs to be done to make mental health care a reality for people worldwide.

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