Production Planning Planning Horizon Long range Short range

Production Planning

Planning Horizon Long range Short range Now Intermediate range 2 months 1 Year

Overview of Planning Levels l Short-range plans ¡ Machine loading ¡ Job assignments l Intermediate plans ¡ Employment ¡ Output (Detailed plans) l Long-range plans ¡ Long term capacity ¡ Location / layout (General levels)

長程的生產計劃 Long Range Planning Production Planning (PP) 生產規劃 Resource Requirements Planning (RRP) 資源需求規劃

生產規劃/計劃 Production Planning Input Process Output Forecasting 銷售預測 Production Planning 產能規劃/管理策略 Production Plan 公司各時期 (月，季)的 生產率及存貨 水準

產能規劃策略 How big do we make the facilities? Where do we locate them? When do we build them? What type of process(es) do we install to make the products?

需求與產能的均衡 改變需求 Pricing Promotion Back Order (欠撥定單) New Demand

需求與產能的均衡 改變產能 (供給) Hire and Fire Worker Overtime/Slack Time Part Time Worker Inventories Subcontracting

迎合不均勻需求的產能管理策略 Level Capacity Strategy 平準化產能策略 Maintaining a steady rate of regular-time output while meeting variations in demand by a combination of option.

迎合不均勻需求的產能管理策略 Chase Demand Strategy 追逐需求策略 Matching capacity to demand; the planned output for a period is set at the expected demand for that period.

Level Capacity Strategy 平準化產能策略 l Advantages ¡ Stable output rates and workforce l Disadvantages ¡ Greater inventory costs ¡ Increased overtime and idle time ¡ Resource utilizations vary over time

Chase Demand Strategy 追逐需求策略 l Advantages ¡ Investment in inventory is low ¡ Labor utilization in high l Disadvantages ¡ The cost of adjusting output rates and/or workforce levels

資源需求規劃 Resource Requirement Planning 產品群生 產資訊 + Resource Profile + 資源及物料需求 Material Profile

資源需求規劃 Resource Requirement Planning Resource Profile - Example Group A - 最終人 組裝部門 Item # 需求% 1 50% 0. 342 2 30% 0. 294 3 20% 0. 210 標準 時 平均組裝 時=0. 342 * 0. 5+0. 294*0. 3+0. 21*0. 2=0. 301