Production of therapeutical monoclonal antibodies and their uses

Production of therapeutical monoclonal antibodies and their uses

• An antibody, also known as an immunoglobulin, is a Yshaped structure which consists of four polypeptides — two heavy chains and two light chains. This structure allows antibody molecules to carry out their dual functions: antigen binding and biological activity mediation. • Each function is carried out by different parts of the antibody: fragment antigen-binding (Fab fragment) and fragment crystallizable region (Fc region). • Fab fragment is a region on an antibody that binds to antigens. It is composed of one constant and one variable domain of each of the heavy and the light

ANTIBODIES • POLYCLONAL MONOCLONAL • Derived from different B • Lymphocytes cell lines. • Batch to Batch variation • affecting Ab reactivity & • treatment. • NOT Powerful tools for • clinical diagnostic tests. • Derived from a single B cell • clone. • No Batch to Batch variations. • Effectiveness of Ab is much more predictable. • Enable the development of secure immunoassay systems.

• Advantages • • • 1) Homogeneity: Monoclonal antibody represents a single antibody molecule that binds to antigens with the same affinity and promote the same effectors functions. 2) Specificity: The product of a single hybridoma reacts with the same epitope on antigens. 3) Immunizing Antigen: Need not be pure or characterized and is ultimately not needed to produce large quantities of antibody. 4) Selection: It is possible to select for specific epitope specificities and generate antibodies against a wider range of antigenic determinants. 5) Antibody Production: Unlimited quantities of a single well-defined monospecific reagent.