Product Innovation Product Innovation Do you know what

Product Innovation

Product Innovation Do you know what this is?

Product Innovation • It’s not easy being green - sustainability.

Product Innovation We will… • Recognise the urgent need for sustainably design products; the development and adoption of green technology solutions • Learn some key environmental concepts • Learn about “Product innovation in the multiple retail environment – design for a sustainable future? ” – using a case study on M&S packaging

Product Innovation We will… • Apply analytical and creative problem solving skills to “An Environmental Dilemma? ” • Develop an overview of the wide range of graduate opportunities available. • Develop an awareness of the variety of environment-related course options available in higher education.

Product Innovation An Increasingly Fragile Earth!

Product Innovation A Rapidly Changing World • CYCLONE AND HURRICANE INTENSITY – NEW ORLEANS • TORNADOS • ANIMAL SPECIES EXTINCTION RISK • DROUGHTS – IN DEVELOPING WORLD – REST OF THE WORLD • FLOODING • POLLUTION ACROSS THE WORLD

Product Innovation UK 2007: Floods and tornados – wettest June since records began in 1766 Front page of “The Independent” 23/7/07

Product Innovation Scientists have calculated that volcanoes emit between 145 -255 million tons of CO 2 into the atmosphere every year (Gerlach, 1999, 1991).

Product Innovation CO 2 and Climate Change • Emissions of CO 2 by human activities, amount to about 30 billion tons (Marland, et al. , 2006) • Human activities release more than 130 times the amount of CO 2 emitted by volcanoes (Gerlach et. al. , 2002) • Although there are many environmental issues (e. g. ozone depletion and acid rain), global warming/climate change is the no. 1 threat.

Product Innovation Global Water Availability SOURCE: WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM

Product Innovation Global Population Growth Source: World Economic Forum

Product Innovation An Ageing World Population – important implications for design of products and services SOURCE: UN

Product Innovation What is “sustainable development”?

Product Innovation Rio 1992, Johannesburg 2002…. • Definition of Sustainable Development: “Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”. Brundtland Commission

Product Innovation Rio 1992, Johannesburg 2002…. Sustainable development & growth – 3 elements: • economically • ecologically • socially A challenge is to break the relation between economic growth and increased waste • Social responsibility • Global trade

Product Innovation Sustainability ”in simple terms” Sustainable Resource supply Sustainable processes Sustainable recovery Sustainable demand

Product Innovation Sustainable Solutions Malavalli Power Plant, India • Crop residues (cane trash/coconut fronds) and other biomass fuels for the generation of electricity. • Renewable energy displaces fossil fuels, reducing emissions by 20, 000 tonnes per year • Creates 650 direct jobs, collecting biomass, operating the power plant • Contributes approximately $1 m. to the rural economy, creating value for previously worthless crop residues • Waste from the power plant is an organic fertiliser

Product Innovation Or……a nuclear future?

Product Innovation Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Product Innovation What is Ethical Consumerism?

Product Innovation What is Ethical Consumerism? Any occasion that the choice of personal consumption has been influenced by a particular ethical issue e. g. Environmental, human rights, animal welfare

Product Innovation Modern retailing has become a global trade involving a high carbon footprint

Product Innovation Carbon Footprint The carbon footprint is a measure of the amount of carbon dioxide emitted through the combustion of fossil fuels; in the case of an organization or enterprise, as part of their everyday operations or a product, in reaching market. A carbon footprint is often expressed as tons of carbon dioxide emitted, usually on an annual basis. Source: Wikipedia

Product Innovation Retailers and Sustainability 1. A tool for competitive advantage? 2. A cost saving exercise? 3. A genuine, environmentally beneficial response? “ The customer may be king, but the retailer holds the keys to the kingdom”

Product Innovation Carbon Labelling • In early 2007, Tesco, the UK's biggest retailer, promised to put carbon labels on its 70, 000 products. • Tesco, B&Q, Marks & Spencer and BT will work with green experts and academics to decide how to measure • emissions in the "whole life cycle" of a product from its manufacture to packaging, distribution and disposal.

Product Innovation Consumers: Packaging and Sustainability 3 common perceptions about packaging: 1. There’s too much of it 2. It wastes our resources 3. We have a problem getting rid of it – Activity (1 minute): – Write down 2 positive points about packaging

Product Innovation 50% of household waste from retail 75% of UK Household Waste (29. 1 million tons) goes to landfill Packaging waste: 4. 6 million tonnes 70% of £ 9 billion UK packaging market used on grocery products

Product Innovation Is the media focus on packaging over-egged? • The UK throws away 1/3 rd of all food purchased (WRAP 2006) • 1/5 th of domestic waste is food • Avoidable food waste has eight times the environmental impact of packaging • 75% of consumers surveyed agreed that ‘discarded food packaging is a greater environmental issue than food thrown away’

Product Innovation Case Study: M&S Packaging initiatives r-PET drinks bottles containing c. 30% post consumer recycled PET r-PET trays containing c. 50% post consumer recycled PET

Product Innovation Case Study: M&S Packaging initiatives Easy open/use FSC approved carton board tray with compostable boplastic film (Polylactic Acid or PLA) derived from corn starch Clear labelling -

Product Innovation Activity Buying a drink: An Environmental Dilemma?

Product Innovation Figure 1: Transformation from source to use

Product Innovation Table 1 Typical energy costs of common materials (MJKg-1)

Product Innovation Figure 2: Waste Management Cycle

Product Innovation Figure 3: The Waste Hierarchy

Product Innovation Material Feature Raw materials Energy cost of manufacture (MJ/kg) Energy cost of container manufacture (MJ/container): refer pack wts. in Q. 3 Predict level of distribution costs relative to aluminium List likely disposal option(s) and summarise key issues/ considerations. List any other considerations you may have regarding environmental impacts in manufacture and distribution. Also, consider the level of market demand for recycling the packaging waste. Aluminium Glass PET

Product Innovation A World of Career Opportunity! • Environmental management (industry-wide) • Environmental Law • Sustainable Product Design/Consultancy • Environmental Engineering: • e. g. water, renewable energy technologies • Central (e. g. Defra, Environment Agency, DTi) and local government (e. g. Recycling Managers) • Waste Management Industry • Research and Trade Organisations (e. g. WRAP) • Ethical Auditing e. g. financial investment services & banks • Utility suppliers: electricity and water • Construction/civil engineering • Transportation industry • Environmental pressure groups • …etc

Product Innovation • Environment-related courses: www. ucas. co. uk • Impressive range of courses available! – refer to handout UCAS Listing

Product Innovation We have…… • Recognised the urgent need for more sustainably designed products & services; and green technologies • Learnt some key environmental concepts. • Learnt about recent product innovation and design in the multiple retail environment

Product Innovation We have… • Applied analytical and creative problem solving skills to an “environmental dilemma”. • Developed an overview of the wide range of graduate career opportunities available. • Developed an awareness of the wide variety of course options available in higher education.

Product Innovation End Global Warming… …by consuming differently and consuming less