Problem Statement of Peer to Peer Streaming Protocol

Problem Statement of Peer to Peer Streaming Protocol (PPSP) IETF 76@Hiroshima Draft-zhang-ppsp-problem-statement-05 Yunfei Zhang Ning Zong Gonzalo Camarillo James Seng Richard Yang Richard Alimi Hirold Liu Alberto J. Gonzalez

Agenda • • Why Streaming? Why P 2 P streaming? Why Standards? PPSP Scope Open efforts related to PPSP Co-efforts in other standard bodies Conclusion

Why Streaming? • Source：Technology Trends, June 2008, Morgan Stanley Research Morgan Stanley View: Video streaming is the main contributor for global IP traffic growth in the following years, accounting for 50% of the total traffic. The Compound Annual Growth Rates of Internet video streaming to PC and TV are 56% and 97%.

Why P 2 P Streaming • Scalability • Each consumer is also a supplier • Robustness

P 2 P Streaming Success • Real-world examples – PPLive • 110 m users, 600+ channels • 2 million concurrent peers/6 million altogether in China’s 60 Anniversary National Day live broadcasting • 20%-30% outside of China (10 -15% in US), >200 countries – PPstream • 70 m users, 340+ channels • 6 million concurrent peers/10 million altogether in China’s 60 Anniversary National Day live broadcasting – UUSee • 4 -5 million concurrent online peers during Olympic Games • 2~3 million concurrent online peers in China’s 60 Anniversary National Day live broadcasting – CNN (Octo. Shape) • Obama inauguration ~300 K concurrent peers by Octo. Shape

Why Standards in P 2 P Streaming? Technical feasibility: strong similarity among major systems • Tracker-based architecture • Similar tracker and peer communication process, and inter-peer communication process (See survey and measurement draft) Standards => focusing on key issues, not reinventing the wheel

Why Standards in P 2 P Streaming? User desire: “… broadcasters from the BBC to Germany’s ARD just seem to love the idea of ditching their proprietary platforms. ” -- Johan Pouwelse, scientific director of P 2 P Next “UUSee will start to build an open platform and would like to participate in open protocols to cooperate with content providers, operators and many more participants for a better p 2 p streaming service. ” -- Zhu Li, CEO of UUSee “The biggest feature of Mobile Market is its openness. We welcome more participants involved in the Mobile market development with standards. ” ---Jianzhou Wang, President of China Mobile

How Standards Helps: Use Case (1) • P 2 P streaming vendors often use CDN to alleviate peak pressure and achieve better Qo. S • Target: CDN nodes can act as Superpeers, which interact with trackers and peers seamlessly – Integration with multiple CDNs is easy with standard protocols

How Standards Helps? Use Case (2) • Network operators deploying open and competitive Internet streaming service – Operator can run its own streaming service or cooperate with P 2 P streaming vendors – User convenience: unified peer/client software • In particular, for mobile devices – Service can be deployed based on 3 rd party components (e. g. , CDN offerings)

Problem • Lack of open and standard protocols • Open set of P 2 P streaming protocols is needed: PPSP

Abstracts of Current Practice Tracker New Peer peer request peer report Peer buffer map exchange Peer<->Tracker Peer<->Peer referring to survey slides

Features of P 2 P Streaming Systems • Scale to a magnitude of up to millions of nodes • Real time – Timely and continuous streaming delivery – Limited start-up delay and transmission delay – Handles demanding scenarios – 1. 5 Mbps for TV quality – 400 kbps in current Internet

P 2 P Streaming Layer Architecture Overview Application Layer Play-out Layer Start Pause Stop Information Layer Report Publish Statistics Communication Layer Bootstrap Transport Layer Neighbor Communication Tracker Communication

PPSP Scope • Develop new protocols; existing standards (e. g. , HTTP) will be reused as appropriate • Starting Point: Communication layer – Tracker Communication • peers registration to the system • peer list request from or peer information report to the tracker/ – Neighbor Communication • peers exchange data availability and gossip for more peers • chunk description for transferring data amongst peers • Secondary Specifications: Information Layer • Report – peers report information to the tracker. – peer inbound and outbound traffic, amount of neighbor peers, video quality parameters. • Publish – publish contents to streaming provider – content description, type, creation time, source location, advertisement policies, etc. .

Out of Scope • Play-out layer (e. g. Start, Stop, Pause) • Defining new data transport protocol

Open efforts related to PPSP(1) • UUSee: – One of the largest p 2 p streaming vendors worldwide – Just several days ago, its CEO expressed intention to make an open p 2 p streaming platform in 2009 China Internet conference – Meet with its CTO, Hirold Liu about the PPSP work. Liu stated that UUSee was looking for the standards of P 2 P streaming, esp. in mobile environments – Different peer capacity evaluation • Different network environment description • New peer information message

Open efforts related to PPSP(2) • • • Cool. Ruc: Audiovisual Live Streaming based on P 2 P Project: TRILOGY: fu. Tu. Re Internet techno. LOGY in Europe Prierd: 2007 – 2009 Participants: i 2 CAT, UPC, UPF, URL Aim: Standardization

PPSP & Cool. Ruc • Cool. Ruc Protocol standarization points: – Rendezvous communication (signaling) • Retrieval of channels which are resources to be published and discovered over the network – Tracker Communication (signaling) Tracker protocol • Retrieval of initial list of peers – Peers communication (signaling) Peer Protocol • Exchange of Buffer Map • Chunk exchange (transference) – Statistics • Log messages • More requirements are added in the requirement draft

Open efforts related to PPSP(3) • Goalbit-Open source tracker-based p 2 p streaming system • Developed in 2009 • Goalbit Transport Protocol is well suit with PPSP scope(Paper published in Sep. 2009) • Peer and tracker communication • Peer and Peer communication • “It would be great for us, to help in defining a standardized PPSP. ”--Pablo Rodríguez-Bocca, Chief of Goalbit Project

Open efforts related to PPSP(4) • China Mobile-DSN, Distributed Services Network – One part of DSN is for open p 2 p streaming service platform and protocols – Participants (Streaming): China Mobile, Force. Tech, Huawei – DSN is both an open project and an ongoing ITU standard for NGN

Co-efforts in other standard bodies • ITU: Q: DSN in SG 13 – Period: 2009~2012 – Scenarios, Requirements and Architecture of DSN – Related to PPSP: The streaming scenarios, requirements and architecture • 3 GPP: IMS based P 2 P CDS in SA 1 – Period: 2009~2010 – Study p 2 p streaming service in mobile/WLAN environment – Related to PPSP: PPSP can act as the enabler protocols once 3 GPP identifies interfaces between components

Conclusion • PPSP is necessary • PPSP can be standardized by starting with – Tracker protocol: Peer and tracker communication – Peer protocol: Peer communication • PPSP is supported and to be supported by some participants who are willing to take part in the PPSP standards

Thanks for your attention! Q&A?

Appendix 1: UUSee-Advanced P 2 P+CDN network Platform Architecture User can receive data from both CDN node and other peers Super Node layer: Tranditional CDN Node or P 2 P Super Node System Manage layer: CMS/Storage/P 2 P Tracker

Appendix 2: Cool. Ruc • Basic Operation – Mesh-based network (Cool. Streaming based) • Adapted for MDC and SVC transmission – Media Distribution • Data-driven • Pull-based – Peers are grouped into “channels” • Discovery of peers: – 1 st) Contact Rendezvous peer (centralized node) • Get Channel List (specifies tracker peers of each channel) – 2 nd) Contact Tracker peer for a specific channel • Is the same peer as the source node • Provides an initial list of peers joining the same channel (random list) – 3 rd) Discovery of new peers by gossiping protocol (“stady state” operation)

Appendix 3: NAPA-WINE European research project: Network Aware P 2 P Application over WIse NEtworks (NAPA-WINE, EU FP 7 STREP, http: //www. napawine. eu) Study and predict the impact of massive usage of P 2 P-streaming on the Internet • Algorithms and prototype for a “network aware” P 2 P video streaming application, with optimization based on measurements between peers and external guidance (IETF ALTO)

Why P 2 P Streaming? You. Tube daily net loss is $0. 48~$1. 28 million Why? C/S streaming has bottleneck in scalability Server capacity Bandwidth consumption Source: Ramp. Rate Website