Principles of Government SECTION 1 What Is Government

Principles of Government SECTION 1

What Is Government? What is Government? Institution in which society makes and enforces its public policy SECTION 2

Government Powers Dictatorship Legislative Purpose Democracy Judicial SECTION Executive Preamble to the Constitution 3

A. Population The State B. Territory D. Government C. Sovereignty SECTION 4

Origins of the State A. The Force Theory C. The Divine Right Theory B. The Evolutionary Theory D. The Social Contract Theory SECTION 5

Purpose of Government • • Form a more perfect union Establish justice Insure domestic tranquility Provide for the common defense • Promote the general welfare • Secure the blessings of liberty SECTION 6

Classifying Governments Part II Governments can be classified by three different standards: (1) Who can participate in the governing process. (2) The geographic distribution of the governmental power within the state. (3) The relationship between the legislative (lawmaking) and the executive (law-executing) branches of the government. SECTION 7

Classification by Who Can Participate Democracy • direct democracy • indirect democracy Dictatorship • Autocracy (one) • Oligarchy (small elite) SECTION 8

Classification by Geographic Distribution of Power Ø Division of powers: power divided between the national (federal) and the states Ø Unitary Government (a single central agency) Ø Confederate Government (alliance of Ind. states) Ø Federal Government (divided between central and local governments) Ø Presidential government: executive and legislative branches are separated, independent, and co-equal Ø Parliamentary government: executive branch is made up of a prime minister and who is selected by legislative branch. SECTION 9

Foundations (1 -3) Foundations of Democracy Worth and dignity of the individual Equality of all persons Majority rule, minority rights SECTION Necessity of compromise Individual freedom 10