PRINCIPLE CONSTRUCTION OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS 1 HYDRAULIC PUMPS

PRINCIPLE & CONSTRUCTION OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS 1

HYDRAULIC PUMPS v PRINCIPLE v CHARACTERISTICS v TYPES OF PUMPS v COMPARISON OF PUMPS v TROUBLE SHOOTING 2

PUMP - PRINCIPLE THE PRINCIPLE OF A HYDRAULIC PUMP IS TO CONVERT MECHANICAL ENERGY INTO HYDRAULIC ENERGY. THIS IS ACHIEVED BY GENERATING AN INCREASED VOLUME DURING INTAKE AND DECREASED VOLUME ON THE DELIVERY SIDE. 3

PUMP CHARACTERISTICS • FLOW RATING • PRESSURE RATING • VOLUMETRIC EFFICIENCY • NOISE LEVEL • CONTAMINATION LEVEL ALLOWED 5

TYPES OF PUMPS NON POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS ROTARY GEAR PUMP VANE PUMP RECIPROCATORY AXIAL PISTON PUMP RADIAL PISTON PUMP 6

NON POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT PUMPS EYE INLET OUTLET DIFFUSER OUTLET IMPELLER BLADES CENTRIFUGAL ( IMPELLER ) TYPES IMPELLER PROPELLER INLET AXIAL (PROPELLER ) TYPE 7

SINGLE VANE PUMP 8

SINGLE VANE PUMP SIDE PLATE DISCHARGE PORT DELIVERY VANE CAM RING SHAFT PRESSURE PLATE SUCTION PORT BOLT SUCTION ROTOR Graphical Symbol 9

CARTRIDGE SIDE PLATE PRESSURE PLATE CAM RING BOLT LOCATING PIN 10

VARIATION IN VANE PUMP DISPLACEMENT ROTOR CAMRING “THROW” WIDTH 11

BALANCED VANE PUMP ROTATION CAMRING OUTLET ROTATION INLET OUTLET INLET VANE OUTLET ROTOR INLET DRIVE SHAFT 12

VANE PUMP - TYPICAL PUMP CHARACTERISTICS 1800 r/min 60 1500 r/min 50 1200 r/min 40 1000 r/min k. W HP 30 30 20 40 30 20 10 0 35 0 70 105 140 175 210 Pressure 10 Input Power Output Flow L/min 75 70 0 Kgf / Cm 2 13

VANE PUMP - TYPICAL PUMP CHARACTERISTICS NOISE LEVEL Noise Level [One metre (3. 3 ft. ) horizontally away from pump head cover] PV 2 R 2 -41 d. B(A) 65 Noise Level 60 1200 r/min 55 1000 r/min 50 45 0 35 70 105 Pressure 140 175 210 Kgf / Cm 2 14

DOUBLE VANE PUMP SUCTION DELIVERY CARTRIDGE - 1 CARTRIDGE - 2 Graphic Symbol 15

EXTERNAL GEAR PUMP OUTLET DRIVEN GEAR DRIVE GEAR INLET 16

EXTERNAL GEAR PUMP OUTLET INLET 17

LOBE PUMP 18

INTERNAL GEAR PUMP 19

SINGLE PUMPS ROTOR PROPORTIONAL PRESSURE REDUCING VALVE VANE CAM RING DISCHARGE PORT WAVE WASHER SHAFT SUCTION PORT PRESSURE PLATE SIDE PLATE Graphical Symbol 20

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMPS SPOOL FILLING PORT PLUG DRAIN PORT PRESSURE ADJ. SCREW CONTROL PISTON FLOW ADJ. SCREW PIVOT SHAFT DISCHARGE PORT Graphical Symbol SUCTION PORT YOKE PISTON ASSEMBLY SWASH PLATE CYLINDER BLOCK 23

CYLINDER BLOCK ASSEMBLY PIVOT WASHER SLIPPER RETAINER PISTON ASSEMBLY PIN (3 pcs. ) CYLINDER BLOCK WASHER SPRING WASHER RETAINING RING 24

CYLINDER BLOCK ASSEMBLY PORT PLATE 25

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMPS ( AT FULL CUT - OFF ) PRESSURE COMPENSATOR TYPE . 26

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMPS PRESSURE COMPENSATOR CONTROL SPOOL OPERATING PISTON PRESSURE ADJUSTMENT SCREW DELIVERY ADJUSTMENT SCREW YOKE OUT Discharge Cycle INLET Suction Cycle IN OUTLET Section A-A 27

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMPS PRESSURE COMPENSATOR CONTROL OPERATING PISTON A OUT Discharge Cycle INLET Suction Cycle IN A OUTLET Section A-A 28

VARIATION IN PUMP DISPLACEMENT STROKE LENGTH NO STROKE MAXIMUM SWASH DECREASED SWASH ZERO SWASH PLATE ANGLE ( PARTIAL DISPLACEMENT ) ( ZERO DISPLACEMENT ) ( MAXIMUM DISPLACEMENT ) 29

SWASH PLATE CAUSES PISTON TO RECIPROCATE VALVE PLATE SLOT PISTON SUB-ASSEMBLY OUTLET PORT DRIVE SHAFT INLET PORT SWASH PLATE SHOE PLATE CYLINDER BLOCK BORE 30

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMP TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS - Performance Characteristic Curve Input Power HP 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 N=1500 r/min Volumetric Efficiency Overall Efficiency 80 L/min 30 60 k. W 8 Output Flow 6 4 2 0 20 Input Power 0 40 80 10 120 Output Flow Efficiency % 100 0 160 Kgf/Cm 2 Pressure 31

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMP TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS - Input Power 10 8 6 N=1500 r/min Full Cut-off Power P=Kgf / Cm 2 P= 140 P= 120 P= 100 P=80 P=60 P=40 P=20 P= 7 8 Full Cut-off Power Input Power HP 12 k. W 10 6 4 4 2 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 L/min Output Flow HP k. W 2. 0 1. 5 1. 0 1800 1. 0 0. 5 1500 r/min 0 0 40 80 120 160 Kg / Cm 2 Full Cut-off Pressure 32

VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT PISTON PUMP TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS Noise Level [One metre (3. 3 ft. ) horizontally away from pump head cover] Drain L/min 2. 0 d. B(A) 80 Full Cut-off 1. 0 N=1500 r/min 0. 5 in 800 r/m 1500, 1 Full Flow 0 0 40 80 Pressure 120 Noise Level N=1800 r/min 1. 5 Drain - N=1500 r/min 70 60 Full Flow 50 Full Cut-off 160 Kgf / Cm 2 40 0 40 80 Pressure 120 160 Kgf / Cm 2 33

BENT AXIS PISTON PUMP PISTON ROD UNIVERSAL LINK PISTON CYLINDER BLOCK TO OUTLET FROM INLET 34

COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS TYPE Working Principle Average Efficiency Wear & Efficiency VANE PUMP Varying Volume between the Vane & Camring High GEAR PUMP PISTON PUMP Shifting Volume surrounded by gear grooves & casing. Low except for pressure loading type. Does not Decreases with decrease since Wear wearing of camring or vane can be compensated Varying Volume by reciprocating Pistons. Highest among three types. Decreases with Wear 35

COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS 36

COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS 37

COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS 38

COMPARISON OF HYDRAULIC PUMPS TYPE PRESSURE DISCHARGE MAX. SPEED OVERALL EFFICIENCY 2 (Kgf/Cm ) ( L / min ) ( rpm ) (%) GEAR PUMP 20 ~ 210 7 ~ 570 1800~7000 75 ~ 90 VANE PUMP 20 ~ 210 2 ~ 950 2000~4000 75 ~ 90 70 ~ 350 2 ~ 1700 600 ~ 6000 85 ~ 95 50 ~ 250 20 ~ 700 ~ 1800 80 ~ 92 AXIAL PISTON PUMP RADIAL PISTON PUMP 39

TROUBLE SHOOTING 40